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HomeMy WebLinkAbout5603 RESOLUTION NO. 5603 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF AUBURN, WASHINGTON, APPROVING THE CITY'S 2021- 2026 WATER USE EFFICIENCY PROGRAM WHEREAS, the City of Auburn operates a municipal water utility and provides drinking water to its utility customers; and WHEREAS, the City of Auburn is required to establish water use efficiency goals in accordance with WAC 246-290-830; and WHEREAS, the City has developed a Water Use Efficiency Program for the period 2021-2026; NOW THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF AUBURN, WASHINGTON, HEREBY RESOLVES as follows: Section 1. The City of Auburn Water Use Efficiency Program is adopted and approved as set forth in Exhibit "A" attached and incorporated by reference. Section 2. The Mayor is authorized to submit to the Washington State Department of Health the Auburn 2021-2026 Water Use Efficiency Program for the agency's review and approval. Section 3. The Mayor is authorized to implement such administrative procedures as may be necessary to carry out the directives of this legislation. Resolution No. 5603 July 13, 2021 Page 1 Section 4. This Resolution shall be in full force and effect upon passage and signatures hereon. DATED and SIGNED this ,day of 2021. CITY OF AUBURN 4 A . ANCY US MAYOR ATTEST: t Shawn ampbell, City Clerk APPROVED AS TO FORM: Kendra Comeau, City Attorney Resolution No. 5603 July 13, 2021 Page 2 Exhibit A • * CITY OF " •it, r-,-;--.---:::117:. .Z17 ,.-;.•':'t•L';:;''''7:,—"'.,,,.. .:;. • ' ° l'''`;',,';'3:::''''' U WASHINGTON • • CITY OF AUBURN 2021 - 2026 WATER USE EFFICIENCY PROGRAM 0', ...%,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,-. .,..,P 3 q � V p�b4 h: i s= �3,.6'' :� A • �` '• 1 „1,5,::, iii I .yrs - •,:.A:,,,,,-..K1-',--,47,1'. r i4 7°� '44V*44.,,c,::',,. ..,'.';':,'-''''-'':'.%f-'1:4#, '',"I''''''''.;.if;i6'7."-"',?;,;',7,:iii,.-,-:-.: '2-'4*Tr-'1,4:::',,;(ci,2,:'-'-2-, ' , ''','''-'‘;':' ''''''''- t'''''V'''gfls'''' :'i'':''-'''t''''':'";'i':,:f'Nt'tl;: =':"55!' ',I.:i:f:1'gZ*.'r:', j�r i' a ' -° �o- �baL, •;;.:,,,:,-,, ,,;:„I'57; _ s -mom s` a a v me,, v a., A t44 fir^ „;Y ; '; i• t ""-'44, -i4%.- ":S • .r ' A 4'a <k;is ,:i-,:.7 r 1�,. r ,: : .. 4ze y t..- ,,kk ar .aa 8 ^1 x \ ..a ge ' . ' '' d Y...x ,- $' , zw4 wa" :: WATER USE EFFICIENCY As populations continue to climb, demand for limited water supplies is steadily increasing in the Pacific Northwest. Efficient water use is critical for water systems to support growth in their communities and support the environment and recreation. The efficient use of water helps ensure reliable water supplies are available for the City of Auburn (City)well into the future. It is important to the City to not only conserve water, which reduces use, but also promote efficient use, which both conserves water and reduces wasteful uses. The purpose of this document is to provide an analysis of the City's historic water conservation program and to evaluate the existing and proposed conservation and water use efficiency measures. This document is formatted into two sections. The first section analyzes the previous conservation programs by examining how it was formed, it's program and goals, and analyzes the savings. The second section presents the City's new 2021 Water Use Efficiency (WUE) Program, and includes the new requirements, measures, and demand savings anticipated from the program. 1 PRIOR CONSERVATION PROGRAMS 1.1 History The first formal water conservation program was developed by the City in 1995, one year after the Washington Department of Health (DOH)jointly published conservation guidelines, as described below. The City's program included several conservation activities such as school outreach, program promotion, leak detection, meter repair/replacement, and conservation pricing. The City enhanced the program in 2001, 2009, and in 2015. The 2015 program will provide the basis of the historical review in this chapter. The City's 2021 WUE Program follows DOH's 2017 Water Use Efficiency Guidebook, while building off previous plans. Therefore, it is worth noting that in preparing previous plans the City reviewed the 1990 South King County Coordinated Water System Plan (CWSP), and Washington Department of Ecology's 1994 Conservation Planning Requirements (CPR) - Guidelines and Requirements for Public Water Systems Regarding Water Use Reporting, Demand Forecasting Methodology, and Conservation Programs, and the Water Conservation Bibliography for Public Water Systems by the US Army Corps of Engineers. 1.2 Regulatory Requirements The Washington Water Utilities Council, DOH, and Department of Ecology jointly developed the CPR. Interim guidelines were first established in 1990, and subsequently finalized and approved in 1994. The DOH published the CPR in 1994, which was the basis of the City's 1995 and 2001 conservation programs. July 2021 —DRAFT 1 WATER USE EFFICIENCY As populations continue to climb, demand for limited water supplies is steadily increasing in the Pacific Northwest. Efficient water use is critical for water systems to support growth in their communities and support the environment and recreation. The efficient use of water helps ensure reliable water supplies are available for the City of Auburn (City)well into the future. It is important to the City to not only conserve water, which reduces use, but also promote efficient use, which both conserves water and reduces wasteful uses. The purpose of this document is to provide an analysis of the City's historic water conservation program and to evaluate the existing and proposed conservation and water use efficiency measures. This document is formatted into two sections. The first section analyzes the previous conservation programs by examining how it was formed, it's program and goals, and analyzes the savings. The second section presents the City's new 2021 Water Use Efficiency (WUE) Program, and includes the new requirements, measures, and demand savings anticipated from the program. 1 PRIOR CONSERVATION PROGRAMS 1.1 History The first formal water conservation program was developed by the City in 1995, one year after the Washington Department of Health (DOH)jointly published conservation guidelines, as described below. The City's program included several conservation activities such as school outreach, program promotion, leak detection, meter repair/replacement, and conservation pricing. The City enhanced the program in 2001, 2009, and in 2015. The 2015 program will provide the basis of the historical review in this chapter. The City's 2021 WUE Program follows DOH's 2017 Water Use Efficiency Guidebook, while building off previous plans. Therefore, it is worth noting that in preparing previous plans the City reviewed the 1990 South King County Coordinated Water System Plan (CWSP), and Washington Department of Ecology's 1994 Conservation Planning Requirements(CPR) - Guidelines and Requirements for Public Water Systems Regarding Water Use Reporting, Demand Forecasting Methodology, and Conservation Programs, and the Water Conservation Bibliography for Public Water Systems by the US Army Corps of Engineers. 1.2 Regulatory Requirements The Washington Water Utilities Council, DOH, and Department of Ecology jointly developed the CPR. Interim guidelines were first established in 1990, and subsequently finalized and approved in 1994. The DOH published the CPR in 1994, which was the basis of the City's 1995 and 2001 conservation programs. July 2021 —DRAFT 1 In 2003, the Washington State Legislature passed Engrossed Second Substitute House Bill 1338, better known as the Municipal Water Law, to address the increasing demand on our state's water resources. The law established that all municipal water suppliers must use water more efficiently in exchange for water rights certainty and flexibility to help water municipal suppliers meet future demand. The Legislature directed the DOH to adopt an enforceable WUE Program, which became effective on January 22, 2007. The WUE Program replaced the CPR, and emphasizes the importance of measuring water usage and evaluating the effectiveness of the water supplier's WUE Program. 1.3 Previous Program Goals and Historical Water Usage The City's 2015-2020 WUE Program was a continuation of the 2009-2014 Program, with specific enhancements to the program to comply with WUE regulations and create an emphasis on efficient water usage rather than only conservation. The program goals were set per the WAC 246-290-830(4)(a)through a public process and posted to the City's website in October 2014. The goals for the 2015-2020 Program targeted a 1 percent reduction per year in Equivalent Residential Unit (ERU) values. The City also wanted to raise the visibility and performance of the Conservation Program by becoming a community leader in water conservation through example and public education. As part of that leadership, the City supported and participated in applicable regional plans in order to maintain a reliable and adequate supply of water for the region. In 2013, the planning ERU value was 195 gpd per ERU, based on the 75th percentile of the previous six years of data. The 2020 (current) planning ERU value is 179 gpd per ERU, which was also based on the 75th percentile of the previous seven years of data. This equates to a 1.1 percent annual decrease in the planning ERU value. The annual water use per Single Family account from 2014 through 2020 used to calculate the planning ERU value is shown in Table 1. Table 1 Historical Annual Water Use Per Account(gpd/account) Year Single Family/Duplex 2014 174 2015 179 2016 170 2017 i 176 2018 ! 193 ....................._..........._................................. _..._...._._...._..........._....................................................._._....._...... ... ................................................................................__.............._......._; 2019 169 2020 179 Average 177 75th percentile 179 ERUs per Account 1.0 July 2021 —DRAFT 2 Seasonal water use can have a huge impact on the system's ability to deliver water during peak demands'. The winter months generally show a steady monthly usage, while summer months typically show an increase, peak, and decrease in water usage. Historically, single- family residential customer class has produced-a large peak in the summer month's. This peaking is quantified in the MDD to ADD peaking factor presented in Table 2. The 75th percentile of the MDD to ADD peaking factor for the period between 2012 and 2020 is 1.85, which is slightly above the previous plan of 1.82. The City would like to decrease peak use and has included it as a new goal in the 2021-2025 WUE Program. Table 2 Historical Annual ADD, MDD, Peak Day and Peaking Factor Average . Maximum Date of Max Day/ Annual Day Day Maximum Avg Day Production Demand Demand Day Peaking Year (MG/year)..... _._._.....(mg d)................._....-..................(mJd)....................._I.........._..._Demand Factor 2012 2,728 7.64 I 12.08 8/16/2012 1.58 .......................2013......................_........................2,710......... ........,_........................7.43..................._...'......._......-._12.078/21/2013........._....................1.62......................... .........................201...............................................................,.......................................................................7.....4................................................................2......0....._.......................,.............8/21/201.........................................................6.........................._..... 2014 2,764 7.30 12.97 1 8/6/2014 1.78 2015 2,763 7.58 13.16 I 6/16/2015 1.74 2016 2,871 7.85 14.53 1 8/16/2016 1.85 2017 2,484 6.8012.54 7/26/2017 1.84 ......._.._._.._.....201...82,458 6.73 _..__......._......13.61........................1.............7/11/2018 ......_.._.-...-....2.02.............._........... 2019 2,392 6.55 11.29 8/1/2019 1.72 2020 2,291 6.26 13.628/27/2020 2.18 Average 2,607 7.13 12.87 1.82 75th 2,763 I 7.58 13.61 1.85 Percentile 1.4 Historical Distribution System Leakage Distribution system leakage (DSL) is a significant element of the WUE requirements. It is calculated as the difference between the total amount of water produced and the sum of water sold and authorized unmetered water usage. It may include inaccurate master and service connection meters, unaccounted-for non-revenue water use, pipeline leakage, and unauthorized use. DSL does not include authorized water usage such as water used for fire protection, flushing, construction, and other maintenance and operations practices. However, to be credited, this must be accounted for by metering or by estimating water use with credible means.All water that is not authorized is considered distribution system leakage. The DOH requires the 3-year average DSL to be under 10 percent to minimize water waste. The historical 3-year rolling average DSL ranged between 3.4 percent and 9.7 percent for the period from 2013 to 2020. July 2021 -DRAFT 3 2 2021-2025 WATER USE EFFICIENCY PROGRAM The 2021-2025 WUE Program will be a continuation of the City's current WUE Program. Program measures have been expanded, reflecting the City's increased service population of over 50,000 people. The program has also been updated to leverage the City's investments in improved SCADA, leak detection, and Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI). The 2021 Plan complies with regulations as set forth in WAC 246-290-830 and DOH's 2017 Water Use Efficiency Guidebook. This section summarizes the program's goals, demand and supply side measures, reclaimed water, and DSL. The projected demand with the conservation goals, program budget, and cost savings are also presented. 2.1 Program Goals Per the WAC 246-290-830(4)(a), all water purveyors with 1,000 or more connections were required to set efficiency goals through a public process. The City has chosen to focus on implementing voluntary measures to decrease both the average and peak water usage. The 2021 program has established the following goals: • Water Use per ERU: Decrease the planning ERU value (gpd/ERU) 1 percent annually from the current planning ERU value of 179 gpd/ERU, which is the 75th percentile of 7 years of historical data(2014-2020). Revaluate goal when the planning ERU value reaches less than 172 gpd/ERU. • MDD/ADD Peaking Factor: Decrease the planning peaking factor from the current 1.85, which is equal to the 75th percentile of 7 years of historical data (2014-2020), to a planning peaking factor of less than 1.72. • Distribution System Leakage: Maintain 3-year average DSL under 10 percent to minimize water waste. • Customer Support: To provide the service and support necessary to those water customers expressing a desire to conserve water as a part of their environmental ethic and as a means of minimizing water bills. • Regional Support: To support and participate in the South King County CWSP and other applicable regional plans in order to maintain a reliable and adequate supply of water for the region. The WUE Program measures, as summarized below, are designed to help meet these established goals. 2.2 Program Requirements The WUE requirements emphasize the importance of measuring water usage and evaluating the effectiveness of the City's program. There are three fundamental requirements of a WUE Program that the City follows: July 2021 —DRAFT 4 • Planning Requirements—Municipal water suppliers are required to: — Collect data. — Forecast demand. — Evaluate WUE measures. — Calculate DSL. — Implement a WUE Program to meet their goals. • Distribution Leakage Standard—Municipal water suppliers are required to meet a distribution system leakage standard to minimize water loss from their distribution system. • Goal setting and performance reporting —Municipal water suppliers are required to set WUE goals through a public process and report annually to their customers and DOH. 2.3 Mandatory Measures The WUE Program includes supply side measures that the City implements to understand and control leakage including new meters, leak detection surveys, and water audits. Per the WUE requirements, the following measures shall be continued for the 2021-2025 WUE program: • Install production (source) meters. • Install consumption (service) meters. • Perform meter calibration. • Implement a water loss control action plan to control leakage if the 3 year rolling average exceeds 10 percent. • Educate customers about water use efficiency practices. • Establish rates that encourage water demand efficiency. See Chapter 11 of 2015 Comprehensive Water Plan for discussion on water rates. • Evaluate reclamation opportunities. 2.4 Distribution System Leakage DSL is a significant element in the City's WUE Program. In the past, distribution leakage was referred to as "unaccounted-for-water". To limit DSL, the City has ongoing leak detection, meter calibration, and an active repair and replacement program for water system infrastructure. Additionally, the City has recently increased its efforts to reduce non- payment of bills and water theft. Further, the City has updated its SCADA and implemented AMI during the 2015-2020 period. These investments significantly increase the City's ability to measure DSL both July 2021 —DRAFT 5 temporally and geographically. The resulting information allows the City to better target its WUE activities to reduce DSL. 2.4.1 Increasing Effectiveness of the WUE Program with AMI The City implemented AMI throughout the system during the 2015-2020 program period. AMI provides a new tool to improve the effectiveness of the WUE Program measures. AMI provides detailed water use data for each customer that allows the City to`better understand water use patterns and target WUE Program measures to specific customers. Data is sent 6 times each day and is stored in 15-minute intervals indefinitely. Below is a summary of how the City uses AMI. • Run continuous consumption reports daily to identify customer leaks. • Detect service leaks sooner resulting in reduced costs for Service Replacement program and Leak Detection program. • Use meter tamper and other daily alarms to reduce water theft. • Compare production and customer water use to calculate DSL on a monthly basis. • Implement a customer portal to provide additional reporting options to educate customers, such as their peak water use. 2.5 2015-2020 Demand-Side Program Measures The City has incorporated program measures that target reductions in customer usage, saving the customers money without reducing the quality of service. Under the WUE requirements, a program measure may include water efficient devices, actions, business practices, or policies that promote efficient water use. With 15 measures as part of the 2021 Program, the City exceeds the minimum DOH requirement of 12 measures. WUE measures can target specific customer classes or a combination of customer classes. The City's demand-side program measures are summarized below. 1. School Outreach: School programs will continue to be arranged to educate students on efficient water usage. The City has partnered with Nature Vision to provide classroom education for grades K through 12. This program provides hands-on activities to teach water conservation, water supply, groundwater and surface water protection, and the water cycle. The City will conduct alternative or additional outreach if requested by schools. 2. Speakers' Bureau: The City will seek speaking opportunities to discuss water use efficiency with a wide-audience spectrum. Topics could include water efficient fixtures and appliances, curbing seasonal peak demands, lawn watering practices, etc. 3. Program Promotion: The City will seek opportunities for public service announcements for water use efficiency, and submit news articles to local papers July 2021 —DRAFT 6 and Auburn City Magazine on efficient water usage especially during the spring and summer months. Additional information is published on the City's website 4. Theme Shows/Fairs: The City hosts an annual Kids Day fair. The fair includes a wide range of activities for all ages of kids.As part of the fair, the City has fun water related activities and provides water efficiency brochures and other materials. The City will conduct outreach at other Theme Shows/Fairs if requested. 5. Water Audits: The City will conduct a water audit upon the request of a customer, including industrial, commercial, and institutional customers. The audits will review items such as: recirculation of cooling water, reuse of cooling and process water, reuse of treated wastewater, efficient landscape irrigation, low water using fixtures, fixing leaks, and process modifications. 6. Customer Leak Detection: The City identifies potential leaks through investigation of the water meter upon request of customers. The City's AMI system identifies smaller leaks and allows the City to notify customers of a potential leak within a couple days of the leak starting. 7. Bills Showing Consumption History: The City will continue to provide customer bills showing the previous year's water usage. The City is evaluating AMI customer portal options that will educate customers on their water use, alert them to leaks in real time, and identify opportunities to reduce their peak water use to help the City meet its goal of reducing the MDD:ADD ratio. 8. Water Saving Device Kits: The City will participate in distribution of water use efficiency kits through education events such as speakers' bureaus, theme shows, fairs, and through bill insert request forms. 9. WUE Pricing: The City has an inverted block rate structure for single-family residential customers to encourage WUE. The City will consider WUE in future cost of service/rate studies. Studies will determine the most appropriate water structures and rate levels to achieve the City's WUE goals, while generating sufficient revenues for utility operations. The studies consider uniform rates by class, inverted block rates, seasonal rates, and excess use rates. 10. Water Efficient Toilet Rebate Program: The City will continue to provide rebates to customers that replace old toilets with new high-efficiency toilets through their EPA WaterSense Toilet Rebate program. 11. Low-Flow Shower Heads Giveaways: The City gives away free low-flow shower heads at the Utility Billing Counter. 12. School Outdoor Water Use Reduction: The City will target schools in an effort to reduce their outdoor water consumption. Water audits and education on benefits of replacing inefficient irrigation systems or landscaping (including turf)will be conducted. 13. City Water Use Reduction: The City will audit the water use of City accounts in an effort to identify both indoor and outdoor water saving opportunities. The Water Utility staff will help educate City account holders on WUE; however, no water budget has been allocated to implement water saving devices at City facilities. July 2021 —DRAFT 7 14. Landscape Workshops: The City will seek opportunities to educate homeowners on water saving landscaping. 15. Rainwater Harvesting: The City will evaluate implementation of a rainwater harvesting (rainwater reclamation) promotion program as a means to reduce irrigation water usage by commercial, public and residential customers. The City Stormwater Utility's requirement to use Low Impact Development(LID) measures, where feasible, strives to keep rainwater on the property, further reducing irrigation demands. WUE measures can result in savings in energy and cost, both for the City and its customers, as described below: • Reduced water use can result in significant customer energy savings because water heaters are the second largest energy users in the home. Hot water use can be reduced almost one-third by cost-effective WUE measures, such as water efficient fixtures and appliances. Significant energy savings can also occur for industrial processes requiring water heating and other power uses. • Efficient landscaping and irrigation techniques save on maintenance costs. • Reductions in water production decrease the energy costs incurred to treat and distribute water and to collect and treat wastewater. Chemical costs are also reduced in water and wastewater operations. • Actions that result in water production cost savings include: — Identification of non-revenue water could result in recovery of unbilled revenue from inaccurate meters and reduced unauthorized water usage (theft). — Leak detection helps prevent major main breaks, which could result in significant repair costs as well as lost water for sale. — Leak detection reduces the City's liability by preventing potential property damage. — Repair and/or replacement of service and source meters allows the City to recover unbilled water revenues. 2.6 Reclaimed Water According to WAC 246-290-100 and the WUE requirements, water systems with over 1,000 connections must collect and evaluate information on reclaimed water opportunities. The City is committed to wastewater reuse and rainwater reclamation. The City monitors opportunities for use of King County's reclaimed water through the City's involvement in the Metropolitan Water Pollution Abatement and Advisory Committee (MWPAAC) and Regional Water Quality Committee. Additionally, the City has completed the King County Water Reclamation Evaluation Checklist (see Appendix J in the 2015 Comprehensive Water Plan). Currently, there are no reclaimed water users in the City. The City considers the most likely users of reclaimed water to be the irrigation customer class. Total irrigation use July 2021 —DRAFT 8 just from dedicated irrigation meters for 2020 was 0.40 million gallons per day. Irrigation from residential customers was significantly more. The City has also identified that it may be possible for three large users to use reclaimed water(Boeing, Emerald Downs, and Supermall/Walmart); however, these users have not confirmed an interest in using reclaimed water and there is not currently a reclaimed water source in the area. The City will implement reclaimed water as a conservation measure and include this savings in the demand projections when specific opportunities arise. The City, in conjunction with King County, may develop projects or consider participation in water reuse projects and programs developed by adjacent jurisdictions and others as appropriate. The efforts may include demonstration or pilot projects developed in accordance with applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations. 2.7 Budget The City has established a budget for outside expenditures for applicable program measures from 2021-2025, shown in Table 3. Program Measure budgets coincide with the biannual budget. Budgets increase by three to four percent on average over the period. Table 3 2021-2025 Budget for Each Program Measure Measure 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 1.School Outreach $20,000 $20,000 $22,000 $22,000 $24,000 2.Speakers' Bureau* $1,500 $1,500 $1,550 $1,550 $1,600 3.Program Promotion* $2,000 $2,000 $2,200 $2,200 $2,400 4.Theme Shows/Fairs, 14.Landscape $6,350 $6,350 $6,400 $6,400 $6,450 Workshops 5.Water Audits, 6.Customer Leak Detection, $15,000 $15,000 $16,000 $16,000 $17,000 12.School Outdoor Water Use Reduction, 13.City Water Use Reduction, and 15.Rainwater Harvesting* 7.BiIls Showing Consumption History* $2,000 $2,000 $2,200 $2,200 $2,400 8.Water Saving Device Kits $6,000 $6,000 $6,500 $6,500 $7,000 9.Conservation Pricing* $9,000 $9,000 $9,200 $9,200 $9,400 10.Toilet Rebates and 11.Low-flow Shower $5,000 $5,000 $5,500 $5,500 $6,000 Heads Totals $66,850 $66,850 $71,550 $71,550 $78,250 *City labor costs only July 2021 -DRAFT 9 Table 4 shows the City's budget for required WUE measures through the planning period. Table 4 2021-2025 Budget for System Required WUE Measures Measure 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Leak Detection &Repair $8,000 $8,000 $8,500 $8,500 $9,000 Large Meter $20,000 $20,000 $22,500 $22,500 $25,000 Test/Repair/Replace Service Line and Meter $150,000 $150,000 $175,000 $175,000 $200,000 Replacement* Totals $178,000 $178,000 $206,000 $206,000 $234,000 *primarily City labor costs 2.8 Public Participation The City publishes its Water Use Efficiency Annual Performance Report on the Water Utility webpage and summarizes it in the Annual Water Quality Report. The report, which is also submitted to DOH, provides the City's DSL, date of most recent public forum, WUE goals, description of progress in reaching goals, and additional information on WUE efforts. The City website provides the last three years of Efficiency Reports allowing customers to compare performance between several years. The City's website also prominently displays its Conservation Promotions, including frequently asked questions and rebate forms, that are also available at the Utility Billing counter. The City has conducted a public process to establish its 2021-2025 WUE Program Effectiveness goals, which are outlined in the next section. A public meeting will be held on August 2, 2021 at 7:00 PM. Public comments were incorporated into the WUE goals, and are in the Appendix. 2.9 2015-2020 WUE Program Effectiveness The City's water use, both on average and peak demand days, has declined. An aggressive WUE Program is likely a major reason for this decline; however, it is difficult to estimate the actual water savings directly resulting from the City's WUE Program because the measures are not directly quantifiable. Measures such as rebates for high-efficiency toilets and low- flow showerheads, do have a direct water savings per device, but the water savings from installation of water saving devices without requests for rebates is impossible to measure. The impacts on customer water use as a result of public education, which is the main focus of the City's WUE Program, is challenging to measure, as the response of each participant varies greatly. 2.9.1 Future Methods for Measuring Program Effectiveness The existing program effectiveness was evaluated using system-wide historical water use data. Future program effectiveness may measure the effectiveness of the City's WUE July 2021 —DRAFT 10 Program based on targeted public education programs to customers in a particular area. This area could be limited to a particular pressure zone, group of neighborhoods, etc., but should be an area for which the City can track water use before and after participation in WUE activities or events. Winter months would provide an estimate on indoor water use, since outdoor water uses, such as irrigation, are kept to a minimum during the winter. Summer months could provide an estimate on total indoor and outdoor water use. The first step would be to establish a baseline from historical information. The second step would be to evaluate the resulting water use after promoting WUE through targeted activities and events to customers in the defined area. AMI wouldprovide additional capabilities to more easily perform these studies. The water use would be tracked for an additional year to identify seasonal trends. Some consideration would need to be given to variations in weather and economic conditions. Another method would be to perform the same before/after water use analysis for WUE Program participants who volunteer and provide their address. The resulting information would be valuable for the City to correlate its WUE Program efforts with direct water savings for its customers. 2.9.2 Cost Savings The WUE Program primarily provides cost savings in two ways. Reducing demand may reduce or delay capital projects for additional supply and expanded distribution infrastructure. Additionally, reducing DSL can provide additional revenue, as well as increase the efficiency of supplying existing water uses. The City has completed a cost analysis of their proposed WUE Program using historical data and projected annual water savings. The City has exceeded its WUE Program goal of five percent water use reduction from 2014 through 2020; the actual reduction was nine percent. However, significant portions of the water use savings may be attributed to the factors other than the WUE Program, such as the economy. To avoid over-estimating cost savings, it was assumed that the WUE Program only achieved its goal of five percent, rather than the 9 percent reduction; this corresponds to savings of 0.4 mgd of ADD from 2014 to 2020. The City will budget approximately$244,850.00 for the WUE Program in 2021. This budget includes both the WUE Program measures ($66,850.00), and the required measures, ($178,000.00). This annual expenditure is budgeted and expended through the City's operation and maintenance budget. Based on the projected 2021 budget and the estimated annual water savings of 0.06 mgd, projected unit cost of water from the City's program for 2021 is estimated to be $0.0112 per gallon on average. It is important to consider the majority of the WUE budget is for service line and meter replacements, which is a key Utility business practice to maintain accurate billing and payment. Without these costs, the estimated cost for each gallon of water saved by the WUE Program is only$0.0031 per gallon on average. Additionally, WUE plays an important role in reducing the need for new supplies and delaying costly distribution system upgrades. July 2021 —DRAFT 11 , 2.10 Projected Water Demand The WUE Program is only applicable to retail customers. Wholesale customer demand is not included in projections. The projected water demand for the Retail Water Service Area with and without WUE for the ADD and the MDD are presented in Table 5. Demands are presented for the 15-year planning period, as well as the Ultimate demand. The planning ERU value of 172 gpd/ERU is expected to be achieved in 2025 based on an annual one percent decrease. No further reductions in demand are projected beyond 2025. Figure 1 is a graphical representation of the data in Table 5. Table 5 Retail ADD &MDD with and without WUE Demand 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2035 Ultimate ADD w/o 6.35 6.67 7.00 7.35 7.72 7.84 9.15 11.65 WUE ADD w/WUE 6.26 6.53 6.79 7.06 7.33 7.37 8.07 10.26 Savings 0.09 0.13 0.21 0.29 0.38 0.47 1.08 1.39 % Savings 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 12% 12% MDD w/o 13.62 13.96 14.31 14.67 15.03 15.32 16.66 21.20 WUE MDD w/WUE 12.80 12.98 13.16 13.35 13.53 13.63 13.88 17.67 Savings 0.82 0.98 1.14 1.32 1.50 1.69 2.78 3.53 % Savings 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% 11% 17% 17% July 2021 - DRAFT 12 Figure a Demand Reductions from Water Use Efficiency Program 18.00 26.00 3 _ 52.00 .io.00 E 8.00, 6.00 nm... 4,00 - - l 2 0 0,00 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2035 Year ADD w/o WUE. ADD w/WUE *-~° MDD Wkz WUE MDD w/WUE As shown in the table, WUE measures are projected to result in an average day reduction in retail demand of 1.08 mgd by 2035, representing a reduction of approximately 12 percent. A reduction of 0.47 mgd (6percent) is projected by 2025. As shown in the table, WUE measures are projected to result in a reduction in retail MDD of 1.69 mgd (11 percent) by 2025, and approximately 2.78 mgd (17 percent) by the year 2035. 2.11 Summary of Water Use Efficiency Program The City's WUE Program provides for efficient water use and supports continued growth. This program fulfills all the necessary requirements of DOH. The selected program measures will allow the City to meet its WUE goals, resulting in decreased water demand. Measures are interrelated and will help the City achieve its goals to both reduce average water use and peak water use per customer. Public education measures (showing water use in bills, workshops, school outreach, fairs/trade shows, etc.) will continue to be a main focus of the WUE Program to increase customer awareness and knowledge of WUE opportunities. Public education is needed to support the City's other WUE measures and to support reductions in both average and peak water use. Continued appliance rebates and July 2021 —DRAFT 13 shower head give-away help customers implement what is learned in the public education campaign. With the implementation of AMI, it is expected that the City and customers will be able to identify substantially more water loss reduction opportunities than previously possible. Therefore, customer and City leak detection and water audits may have a prominent role in the 2021-2025 WUE Program. The increased water loss reduction activities are expected to support reducing average water use. The program will also continue to provide financial disincentives for excessive water use through metering and WUE pricing. This aspect of the program is likely to help reduce peak water usage further. These measures will result in the City being able to achieve its WUE goals, which results in reduced demand. In conclusion, the City will maintain the target water use efficiency goal of one percent reduction per year in the planning ERU value from 179 gpd per ERU to 172 gpd per ERU by 2025. Additionally, it is the City's goal to reduce the MDD/ADD peaking factor from 1.85 to 1.72. The goals will be reached through implementation of the proposed program measures. July 2021 —DRAFT 14