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HomeMy WebLinkAboutGateway Draft Statement AppendicesAPPENDIX A Proposed Allowable Uses for the Auburn Gateway Project Area B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T. Proposed Allowable Uses for the Auburn Gateway Project Area Arcades, if accessory to a permitted use Art, music, and photography studios Automobile parking facilities Automobile service station, if accessory to a permitted use Bakery and pastry shops, products made must be sold at retail on the premises Banking and related financial institutions Brew pubs Civic, social, and fraternal associations Daycare, including home-based, mini-daycare, daycare centers, preschool, or nursery schools Delicatessens and coffee houses Discount club retailer Dry cleaning and laundry services Grocery stores Health and physical fitness clubs Hobby shops Hospitals, to include small animal, but not allowing outside runs or kennels Hotels, including reception and meeting rooms as an accessory use Liquor store Massage parlor Multifamily residential (limited to specific number of units and percentage of the planning area) Newsstands Personal service shops NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Draft ElS A- 1 List of Aflowable Uses for the Auburn Gateway Project Area X. Y. Z. AA. BB. CC. Pharmacies Small-scale reproduction and printing services Professional offices Post offices, accessory or branch locations only Radio and television broadcasting studios Restaurants Retail stores and shops, including department and variety stores that offer for sale the following and similar related goods: 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11 12. 13 14. 15 16. 17. 18. Antiques Art supplies Automobile parts and accessories Baked goods Beverages Bicycles Books and magazines Candy, nuts, and confectionery Clothing Computers Dairy products Dry goods Flowers and house plants Fruits and vegetables Furniture and home furnishings Hardware, including electrical, heating, plumbing, glass, paint, wallpaper, and related goods Home garden supplies Household appliances NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan A-2 Draft ElS List of Aflowable Uses for the Auburn Gateway Project Area DD. EE. FF. GG. I-IH. 19. 20. 21 22. 23 24. 25 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31 32. Household pets and supplies mousewares Jewelry and clocks Meat, fish, and poultry (preprocessed) Notions Nursery and horticultural products Office supplies and equipment Photographic equipment, including finishing Radio, television, stereos, and household electronics Recorded music and movies Shoes Sporting goods Stationery Toys. Schools, including art, business, barber, beauty, dancing, driving, martial arts, and music Secretarial services Taverns Theaters, walk up Other uses may be permitted by the planning director if the use is determined to be consistent with the intent of the zone and is of the same general character as the uses permitted in this zone. wp4 /01-01924-000 opperMix ado: NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Draft ElS A-3 APPENDIX B Proposed Construction Phasing for the Auburn Gateway Project APPENDIX C Fiscal Impact Analysis for the Auburn Gateway Project Prepared for the City of Auburn by Economic and Environmental Consulting Services December 2003 FISCAL IMPACT ANALYSIS FOR THE AUBURN GATEWAY PROJECT The following section presents a comparison of the estimated fiscal impacts of construction and operation of the Aubum Gateway land use altematives as analyzed in the ElS. A. Overview The objective of the fiscal analysis is to identify the direct incremental revenues and costs that would accrue to the City of Aubum from construction and operation of the proposed land use altematives. Jurisdictions included in the analysis are the City of Aubum and Kent School District No. 415. 1. Data Sources and Methodology The fiscal analysis relies largely on information provided by the applicant, City of Aubum and the Kent School District. All revenue and cost estimates are presented in constant 2003 dollars. The analysis generally uses the per capita multiplier method, case study analysis, and discussions with service providers regarding facility and/or personnel costs to estimate direct fiscal impacts. The per capita multiplier method uses average costs per person generated by a project to estimate future municipal costs. The per capita multiplier method assumes that recent historical, local cost and revenue characteristics will be maintained in the future. This method presents a "best" average estimate of the long-term fiscal effects of growth associated with new development. It should be noted that for population based standards (e.g., police service calls per 1,000 population), per capita expenditures will not necessarily remain constant and may overestimate or underestimate actual impacts. For example, the use of per capita multipliers implicitly assumes that the cost of serving each person is the same and that no efficiencies exist in serving a larger population. In many instances, cost efficiencies are achieved when larger populations are served. On the other hand, large investments in capital facilities may be required to serve a given population which are not reflected in per capita costs. Future decisions regarding the mix or level of services to be provided to City residents could increase or decrease per capita costs. Per capita cost estimates are based on the most current information available from affected jurisdictions and the applicant. Cost estimates could change with future market conditions (e.g., inflation) and as costs related to development of the various land use alternatives are refined. As more information regarding the proposed development becomes available (i.e., preliminary plat, housing unit size, specific utility needs), these estimates could be refined. A number of assumptions were made regarding the timing of development, occupancy rates, and design characteristics in order to estimate revenues and costs accruing to the City of Aubum as a result of the land use altematives. All development assumptions used in this analysis are presented in the Appendix D of the ElS. It should be noted that the actual timing and mix of development will depend on the local real estate market, as well as overall economic conditions. Overall, the fiscal analysis presents conservative revenue estimates generated by construction and operation of the land use alternatives. That is, specific assumptions have been made to reflect relatively lower revenue generating potential for proposed altematives. For example, the analysis assumes that the growth in project assessed value each year is attributable only to the increase in value associated with new construction. As market conditions change within the Aubum area, and within the region, it is likely that the value of land and existing improvements would also increase. As a result, total assessed value would increase. Consequently, property tax revenues based on existing levy rates are likely understated. In addition, property tax revenues were lagged one-year to reflect the delay between assessment and collection. NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 1 The analysis assumes the project proponent retains ownership of the entire property and that all commercial, office and residential development would proceed through ground leases. In general, under the terms of a long-term ground lease, the property owner receives rental payments for the use of the land. Renters can occupy the land themselves, lease it out for ground rent, sell their interest in the lease or improve the property and collect building rent. For this analysis, the latter is assumed. As such, no real estate excise tax (REET) would be collected. The City of Aubum is authorized to levy REET up to ½% (0.005) on all real property sales within the City. Funds are targeted for financing capital facilities specified through the City's Capital Facility Plan. Any change in real property ownership would generate additional tax revenues. Therefore, the amount of total tax revenues is likely understated. 2. Analysis Years Results of the fiscal analysis are presented for Year 1, Year 5, Year 10 and Year 11 (the first full year of project buildout), and cumulatively for the entire project development period (Years 1 through 10). Full- development of the altematives is expected by Year 11. At that time, the net fiscal balance would represent the costs and revenues that would be generated by the land use altematives on an annual basis. The exception is the Retail/Office Altemative. Given trends in office market development, it is anticipated that build out of the office component of this altemative would be phased over a 15-year period. Results for the fiscal analysis are presented for year 17 when full development would be expected. 3. Revenues and Costs Public revenues and costs considered in the fiscal analysis include the following: Public Revenues City of Auburn Development Permit Fees Transportation Impact Fees Sales Taxes Property Taxes Utility Revenues Shared Revenues Public Costs Development Review and Inspection Police & Fire/EMS Services Public Works Department Services Parks and Recreation Department Services General Govemment Services Kent School District Property Taxes Impact Fees Schools & Educational Services In general, certain categories of revenues and costs are expected to be generated once, while others would occur during each year of operation. Costs associated with construction of infrastructure improvements (e.g., water and sewer facilities) represent one-time costs. However, operation and maintenance of such facilities would be expected to generate a stream of costs over the life of the development. Expected one-time and recurring revenues and costs are presented below. NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 2 One-Time Revenues Development Permit Fees Sales Taxes on Construction Utility Connection Charges School and Transportation Impact Fees Recurring Revenues Sales Taxes on Retail Goods Property Taxes Utility Fees & Taxes Shared Revenues One-Time Costs Infrastructure Improvements Development Review & Inspection Recurring Costs Operation & Maintenance Police, Fire/EMS & Public Works Services General Govemment Services Other jurisdictions and/or special service districts would incur costs and receive revenues from development of the land use alternatives. These include, for example, King County, the Port and Library District. Many revenues accruing to these entities (such as special purpose taxes, investment eamings and federal sources) are not easily identified or quantified. Many of the costs associated with new population are equally difficult to identify and quantify because they are indirect and dispersed across a much larger population. Impacts to these special purpose districts were not included in the analysis. Secondary economic impacts would be expected to occur as a result of development of the land use altematives. These would include additional spending and employment opportunities which could produce additional fiscal impacts. The measurement of secondary impacts - or the ripple effects associated with a development - relies on the use of income and employment multipliers and can be quite complicated and theoretical. Multipliers are usually developed for large sectors of the economy or events, such as federal spending or investment, and are generally not applicable to any specific situation, project or small economic area. Secondary impacts and their fiscal implications associated with development of the alternatives have not been quantified for this analysis. 4. Development Assumptions A number of assumptions were made for this analysis regarding the timing of development, building characteristics, sales potential, tax and levy rates, the price level, housing and general market and economic conditions. Development assumptions for each of the action altematives (Retail, Retail/Office, Retail/Residential) and the No-Action/Existing Zoning altemative are summarized in Table 1. Table 1. Comparison of Development Assumptions NE Auburn Special Area Plan Alternatives SF MF Development Assumptions Retail Office Residential Residential Emp. Pop. (SF) (SF) (DU's) (DU's) Retail Alternative 720,000 1,296 Retail/Office Alternative 200,000 1,600,000 3,960 Retail/Residential Alternative 360,000 500 648 1,116 No-Action/Existing Zoning 73,200 130 132 132 601 Alternative Specific phasing assumptions for the proposed altematives were provided by the project proponent and are presented in the Appendix B of the ElS. a. Site Preparation and Construction NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 3 For the purpose of the fiscal analysis, site preparation and construction of off-site improvements for all the altematives were assumed to occur in Year 1 with construction of commercial retail, office and residential uses and on-site improvements phased over the next 10 to 15 years. It was assumed that 75% of on-site infrastructure improvements would be completed in Year 1 and 25% in Year 4 (Robertson Properties Group personal conversation with Michael Dee, April 2003). Construction was assumed to be completed in the year it began and occupancy was assumed for the following year. The actual phasing of on-site infrastructure improvements may differ from the assumptions used in the fiscal analysis. The primary impact of such changes - in a fiscal sense - would be to change the amount of sales tax revenue on that portion of construction of on-site infrastructure occurring in a particular year. Given that the relative contribution of sales tax revenue on construction of on-site infrastructure improvements is small compared with other components of construction period sales tax revenue (on building construction for example), changes in phasing of infrastructure improvements is not expected to significantly affect the fiscal outcomes identified. For the purpose of the fiscal analysis, single-family units were assumed to average 2,300 square feet and multi-family units were assumed to average 1,200 squarte feet (Architects BCRA, personal conversation with Stuart Young, April 2003). A range of construction costs by type of development were provided by the Robertson Properties Group. Retail construction, ranging in cost from $75-$100 per square foot, was assumed to average $88 per square foot for the fiscal analysis. Office construction, ranging in cost from $110-$140 per square foot, was assumed to average $125 per square foot. Multi-family residential construction, ranging in cost from $70- $80 per square foot, was assumed to average $75 per square foot. Single-family residential construction, ranging in cost from $65-$80 per square foot, was assumed to average $72 per square foot (Bennett Homes, personal conversation with Mike Herman, May 2003). b. Population and Employment For commercial retail and office uses, gross leasable area was assumed to be 90% of gross building area. Occupancy rates for single- and multi-family housing were assumed to be 97.9% and 92.6%, respectively (Central Puget Sound Real Estate Research Report, Vol. 54, No. 1, Spring 2003; 2000 Census). Retail employment was estimated using an average of 500 sf/employee (Intemational Council of Shopping Centers, personal conversation with Susan Pistilli, March 2003) and office employment was estimated using an average of of 400 sf/employee (Urban Land Institute, Characteristics of Tenant Employment Densities, Employment and Parking in Suburban Business Parks: A Pilot Study). Population was estimated based on an average household size of 2.41 people for the Aubum area (Puget Sound Regional Council, Population and Employment Forecast Report, May 2001 and the 2000 Census). It should be noted that in June, 2003, after the fiscal analysis was completed, the Washington State Office of Financial Management released its estimate of household size for the King County portion of Aubum. The official estimate of 2.4906 people per household is 3.3% greater than the figure of 2.41 people per household used in the fiscal analysis. The slightly larger household size estimate is not expected to significantly change the results of the fiscal analysis. c. Operation For the purpose of the fiscal analysis, retail development was assumed to generate an average of $254.34 per square foot of gross leasable area (Urban Land Institute, 2002 Dollars & Cents of Shopping Centers). The value of new construction for the purpose of property tax assessment was assumed to be based on the cost- of-construction approach. NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 4 B. Fiscal Analysis 1. City of Auburn The city of Aubum would incur additional costs in order to provide public services to residents and businesses within the project area. These costs would include development review and inspection, police service, fire and emergency medical services, public works operation and maintenance (water, sewer and storm water), parks operation and maintenance, and general govemment services. a. Costs of Development and Operation Development Review and Inspection The City of Aubum would provide development review and inspection services for each of the development altematives over the buildout period. It was assumed that grading and major site preparation would occur during Year 1. The City would collect grading plan review and grading permit fees. These fees are based on the total quanity of material (cubic yards). As discussed in the description of altematives in the ElS, the total quanity of cut and fill on the site would be 750,000 cubic yards. This was assumed to be the same for each of the altematives because the primary need for grading is related to flood prevention and stormwater control, which would be handled similarly under any altemative. Table 2. City of Auburn Grading Plan Review and Permit Fees Quanitity 200,001 cubic yards or more 100,001 cubic yards or moe Grading Plan Review Fee $402.25 for the first 200,000 cubic yards plus $7.25 for each additional 10,000 cubic yards or fraction thereof. Grading Permit Fee $919.00 for the first 100,000 cubic yards plus $36.50 for each additional 10,000 cubic yards or fraction thereof. Source: City of Auburn, 1997 Uniform Administrative Code, Tables 3-G and 3-H The City of Aubum building permit fees are based on building valuation as set forth in Building Standards' (April 2002). The valuation data represent average costs for most buildings. Table 3 presents the building valuation data used in the fiscal analysis. Table 3. Building Valuation Data I Occupancy and Type Dwellings: Type V-Wood Frame (Good) Apartment Houses: Type V-Wood Frame (Good) Stores: Type II - 1 Hour Offices: Type II - 1-Hour Average Cost per Square Foot $67.30 $82.00 $50.40 $71.50 Source: Building Standards', April 2002. Building permit fees are based on the building valuation data set forth in Table 3 and the square feet of development by type of use (e.g. retail, residential) and phase of development for each of the alternatives. For all of the altematives, the estimated building value by type of use and phase of development exceeded NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 5 one million dollars. The appropriate building permit fee calculation was based on the fee schedule set forth in Table 4. Table 4. City of Auburn Building Permit Fees Total Valuation $1,000,001 and up Building Permit Fee $6,394 for the first $1,000,000 plus $4 for each additional $1,000 or fraction thereof. Source: City of Auburn, Ordinance 5715, November 2002. Police Service The City of Aubum Police Department provides police services, including patrol, crime prevention, community programs and other services. The Department currently has 82 commissioned officers and 33 support staff. In 2002, there were a total of 65,500 computer aided dispatch calls for service. The total calls for service increased 4.8% between 2000 and 2002, or approximately 1.6% per year. Based on this average annual rate of increase, total calls for 2003 will be approximately 66,532. Given the Department budget of $13,287,789 in 2003, the estimated average cost per call is $199.72. Future population growth and development under any of the altematives would result in increased demands for police services as well as other community programs supported by the Police Department (e.g. community watch). To meet increased demands, the Police Department would be required to hire additional personnel and purchase new equipment. As a consequence, service costs would increase. The ratio of calls for service (or police officers) to population is frequently used as a measure of the level of police service. Based on the City's current population of 45,010 and estimated calls for service, the current level of service is approximately 1,478 calls per 1,000 population or 1.82 commissioned officers per 1,000 population. These estimates of level of service, however, do not directly reflect the impacts of employees on the City's Police Department. In order to try and better address the issue of service impacts, specific level of service estimates were developed for different types of development contained in the proposed action altematives. These level of service estimates are based on actual developments and calls for service within the City of Aubum. The only development type without a comparable counterpart in Aubum is office park development. [It should be noted that in June, 2003, after the fiscal analysis was completed, the Washington State Office of Financial Management released its estimate of Auburn's population. The official estimate of 45,355 is less than 1% greater than the population of 45,010 used in the fiscal analysis. The slightly larger population is not expected to significantly change the results of the fiscal analysis.] Table 5 presents estimates of calls for service based on type of development. The estimates were developed with the Auburn and Bothell Police Departments based on residential and retail developments within Aubum and office developments within Bothell thought to be comparable to the proposed altematives. Within the City of Aubum, the Mallard Pointe Apartments and Lakeland Hills North were used as estimates of likely service impacts for multi-family and single-family residential developments proposed in the Retail/Residential and No-Action/Existing Zoning Altematives. The SuperMall of the Great Northwest was chosen as an estimate for calls for service from retail development and Canyon Park Office Center in Bothell was chosen as an estimate for calls for service from office development. Table 5. Estimated Calls for Police Service by Type of Development I Type of Development I Calls for Service I NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 6 Single-Family Residential Multi-Family Residential Retail Office 1.09 calls per dwelling unit 0.33 call per resident per year 1.39 calls per 1,000 SF per year 0.024 calls per 1,000 SF per year Source: City of Auburn Police Department, 2003; City of Bo&ell Police Department, 2003. Fire/EMS Service Fire protection and emergency medical services in the City of Aubum are provided by the City's Fire Department. The Fire Department currently has 68 firefighters/emergency medical technicians and 12 support staff. Average response time within the city is approximately 7.5 minutes. However, the distance of the project site to existing fire stations would result in a response time of approximately 8-10minutes. In 2002, the City purchased a 1.59 acre site at 30th and I Street NE for a future fire station. It is anticipated that the closer proximity to the project site would improve average response time. In 2002, the Department received 7,238 calls for service. The total calls for service increased 8.0% between 2000 and 2002, or approximately 2.6% per year. Based on this average annual rate of increase, total calls for 2003 will be approximately 7,426. Given the Department budget of $8,247,703 in 2003, the estimated average cost per call is $1,111. Future population growth and development under any of the altematives would result in increased demands for fire and emergency medical services. To meet increased demands, the Fire Department would be required to hire additional personnel and purchase new equipment. As a consequence, service costs would increase. Table 6 presents estimates of calls for service based on type of development. The estimates were developed with the Auburn and Bothell Fire Departments and based on the residential, retail and office developments identified above. Table 6. Estimated Calls for Fire/EMS Service by Type of Development Type of Development Single-Family Residential Calls for Service Per Year .072 calls per dwelling unit Multi-Family Residential 0.088 call per dwelling unit Retail 0.116 calls per 1,000 SF Office 0.117 calls per 1,000 SF Source: City of Auburn Fire Department, 2003; City of Bothell Fire Department, 2003. Public Works The City of Aubum Public Works Department provides water, sanitary sewer and storm sewer services to residents and businesses within the city. A discussion of existing system characteristics and capacity is presented in the Public Services and Utilities Section of the ElS. Water, sanitary sewer and storm sewer services are paid for through utility connection fees on new development and monthly use charges. Utility connection fees are charged for new construction and/or when upgrading an existing service. Connection fees consist of a permit fee to cover administrative costs and inspection fees and materials and a system development charge to reflect previous investment of the City and its customers in the utility system. Fees are paid at the time a building permit is issued. Specific fees, summarized in Table 7, are outlined in the City's "Handout on Utility Connection Fees" dated May 2002 which is incorporated by reference. NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 7 Table 7. City of Auburn Utility Connection Charges Permit Fee System Development Charge Utility Service SF Residential Commercial SF Residential Commercial Storm Sewer $10 $100 $901 per parcel $901 per ESU* Sanitary Sewer Varies Varies $850 per parcel $850 per RCE** Water Service Varies Varies Varies Varies *An Equivalent Service Unit (ESU) is equal to 2, 600 square feet of impervious surface. **An Residential Customer Equivalent (RCE) is calculated based on number offixture units and wastewater flow. Sanitary Sewer permit fee rates vary and are calculated on an individual basis and are based on actual labor and materials. Water service permit fees vary and are based on the type of water service and meter box presence at a development site. The water service system development charge varies based on a number of characteristics, including meter size, size of development, fireline connections and othes. Storm Sewer Storm sewer connection charges include a permit fee and a system development charge. The permit is $10 per parcel for a single-family residence or duplex (per parcel) and $100 for other uses. The system development charge is $901 for a single-family residence or duplex and $901 per Equivalent Service Unit (ESU) for commercial uses. An ESU is equal to 2,600 square feet of impervious surface. Estimates of the total amount of impervious surface (buildings and surface parking) by altemative are presented in the accompanying tables. It should be noted that the amount of impervious surface assumed for the fiscal analysis represents a worst case assumption. The actual amount of impervious surface will likely be less and will be determined when actual project design proceeds. The monthly rate for storm sewer accounts varies based on customer class and includes a monthly base rate and ESU rate. The ESU rate is calculated as described above. Single-family residences are charged a base rate of $9.07 per month (there is no ESU rate for single-family residences). Non-single-family customers are charged based on the type of retention, detention and water quality treatment provided on site. For the fiscal analysis, the project was assumed to include detention and water quality treatment. The corresponding charges are a base rate of $5.76 per month plus $3.16 per ESU. Sanitary Sewer The sanitary sewer connection charges include a deposit of $50 at the time of application submittal and permit fee based on actual labor and materials. The system development charge is $850 per single-family residence or duplex (per parcel) and $850 per Residential Customer Equivalent (RCE) for other parcels. The RCE is calculated using Metro's Non-Residential Sewer Use Certificate. The RCE is based on the number of fixture units (e.g. bathtub, shower, dishwasher, sink, lavatory, etc.), where 20 fixture units equal one RCE. Multi-family residential units were assumed to contain 1 RCE of fixture units. Commercial retail and office uses were assumed to include 20 fixture units per 2,500 square feet of development (Architects BCRA personal conversation with Stuart Young, May 2003). The monthly rate for sanitary sewer accounts varies based on customer class and includes a monthly rate based on the amount of water used (in cubic feet). Single-family residences are charged a rate of $9.25 per month (there is no additional charge for water used). Non-single-family customers are charged $9.25 for the first 750 cubic feet of water used and $0.93 for each additional 100 cubic feet of water used per month. For the purpose of the fiscal analysis, water use for commercial customers was estimated based on the Department of Ecology's Criteria for Sewage Works Design (December 1998), commonly referred to as the NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 8 Orange Book. Use estimates for planning projections are 100 gallons per person per day for dwellings and 200 gallons per day per 1,000 square feet of floor space for commercial uses. One gallon per day is equivalent to 0.1337 cubic feet. Water Service Water service connection charges (permit fee and system development charge) vary based on meter size, whether a meter box is required, and if streets are paved or unpaved. For the purpose of this analysis, single- family residences were assumed to have a ~" meter water service and meter box required with paved streets. The estimated permit fee and system development charge were $1,735 and $1,628 per single-family unit, respectively. Commercial uses were assumed to require 1 ½" meter service and meter box with paved streets. The estimated permit fee and system development charge were $2,645 and $5,421 per commercial building, respectively. The estimated number of buildings by land use per altemative is shown in the accompanying tables. The monthly rate for water service accounts varies based on customer class and includes a monthly base rate and a quantity charge for each 100 cubic feet of water used. Single-family residences are charged a base rate of $6.95 per month and $1.60 per 100 cubic feet of water used (for 7.01 to 15 cubic feet). Multi-family residences are charged a base rate of $20.44 per month and $1.44 per 100 cubic feet of water used. Commercial customers are charged $20.95 per month and $1.65 per 100 cubic feet of water used. Transportation Consistent with the Growth Management Act, Auburn levies transportation impact fees on new development within the city with the intent that new development pay its proportionate share of the cost of new transportation facilities to serve it. Impact fee revenues are earmarked for transportation improvements that will reasonably benefit the new development and are paid at the time of building permit application. Impact fees cannot be used for operation and maintenance. A summary of transportation impact fees is presented in Table 8. Table 8. Transportation Impact Fees Land Use Single-Family Residential Unit of Measure Dwelling Unit Impact Fee Rate $677.71 I Multi-Family Residential I Dwelling Unit I $440.91 Retail Shopping Center Office Square Feet/Gross Leasable Area Square Feet/Gross Floor Area $0.98 - $1.69 $1.12 - $1.92 Impact fee rates for office and retail shopping centers vary based on the incremental increase in square feet of GLA or GFA, respectively (e.g. the first 9,999 square feet; 10,000 to 49,999 square feet, etc.). Source: Auburn City Code, Chapter 19. 04. Parks and Recreation The City of Aubum Parks and Recreation Department operates and maintains a total of 533.2 acres of parks, special use areas and open space. Of the total, 43.9 acres are neighborhood parks, 204.2 acres are community parks, 31.8 acres are linear parks, 54.3 acres are special use areas, and 199 acres are open space. In 2003, the Department had a total staff of 50 and budget of $4,304,600. For the purpose of assessing park land needed for new development, the City focuses on neighborhood, community and linear parks, the "core parks" in the city's system. The recommended standard for all types of parks is 6.03 acres per 1,000 population and is outlined in Table 9. According to a recent study by the NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 9 City, the total cost to maintain an acre of developed parkland is approximately $7,500 (City of Aubum Parks and Recreation Department personal conversation with Daryl Faber, May 2003). Table 9. City of Auburn Recommended Park Standards Park Type Neighborhood Park Community Park Linear Park LOS (Acres/1000 Population) 0.76 4.50 0.77 Total LOS 6.03 Source: City of Auburn, Park, Recreation and Open Space Plan, Ordinance 5051, December 1997. The standards presented in Table 9 apply to single family residential developments required to mitigate impacts by paying impact fees or providing developed park land. The City has not adopted a system of park impact fees. In the past, the City has negotiated park land dedication for large developments (50 single family residential units or more) on a case-by-case basis. On occasion, this has included voluntary contributions for park improvements in lieu of dedicated land and the contribution has been calculated as 50% of the park development cost for developed park land needed as a result of the proposed development. The City does not currently have a recommended park standard or impact fee formula for commercial developments and has not levied impact fees on commercial developments in the past. To address this and issues of consistency, the City is currently working toward a more standardized impact fee for new development. For the purpose of the fiscal analysis, impacts to the Parks and Recreation Department were calculated for the altematives with a residential component (Retail/Residential and No-Action/Existing Zoning) and based on the annual maintenance cost for developed park land needed as a result of the altematives. This is a conservative estimate relative to the negotiated impact fees that have occurred in the past, but may underestimate the total impacts because it does not reflect impacts associated with employees. As part of the residential altemative, the proponent proposes to include active recreational facilities and trails throughout the site to serve the proposed development. As noted in the Data Sources and Methodology section, the fiscal analysis assumes that the project proponent retains ownership of the entire property. Consequently, all recreational facilities would be owner maintained rather than publicly maintained. No additional operation or maintenance costs for the City of Aubum Parks and Recreation Department were assumed. General Government The City of Aubum provides a number of general govemment services for residents, businesses and other City departments. These include the executive (mayor and city council), legal, finance, personnel and general administration. In 2003, general govemment services employed 52 staff and had a budget of $6,558,687 or 15% of the City's General Fund. Future growth and development under any of the altematives would affect services provided by these general government departments. The level of general government services needed to support growth and development of the altematives was assumed to be directly related to the amount of economic activity generated by the altematives- a level of economic activity that can be approximated by the revenue generated by the altematives. For the purpose of the fiscal analysis, the current relationship between general government costs and total city revenues was used to estimate future costs of the alternatives. The cost of providing general govemment services was assumed to be 15% of budgeted revenues. NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 10 b. Revenues The City of Aubum levies a number of charges and fees to cover the costs of providing services and facilities to new growth. Some of these were identified above and include fees associated with site preparation and building plan review, utility connections and system development charges, and transportation facilities. In addition to these sources of revenue, the City would collect its share of sales and property tax revenues, utility tax revenues, and shared revenues. These are described briefly below. Sales Tax Sales tax revenues would accrue to the City of Aubum from two sources - the sale of building materials and contractor services during construction and the sale of goods and services from new businesses. Sales taxes on construction materials and services were estimated based on the value of construction (see the discussion under Site Preparation and Construction above) and the City's share of the total sales tax rate. In addition to the local share of sales taxes (0.85% or .0085), Aubum would collect the Special Hotel/Motel tax, currently 1% (or .01). This tax is in addition to the local sales tax. Funds collected from the hotel/motel tax are deposited in a special revenue fund for tourism, promotion and economic development within the City. Only the City's local share of the sales tax is reported in the fiscal analysis. Revenues from this source are deposited in the General Fund. Total sales tax revenues from all sources are included in the accompanying tables. Table 10. Sales Tax Rate Jurisdiction Tax Rate Total Sales Tax 8.8% State of Washington 6.5% Local Rate 0.85% Regional Transit Authority 0.4% King County 0.15% Other 0.9% Special Hotel/Motel 1.0% Tax revenues generated during operation were estimated using average sales per square foot estimates from the 2002 Dollars & Cents of Shopping Centers prepared by the Urban Land Institute. For the fiscal analysis, sales per square foot of gross leasable area were assumed to average $254.34 per year (ULI, 2002). Property Tax Property taxes are assessed against three forms of real property - land, improvements and business personal property. The amount of tax revenues collected depends on the tax rate and the total assessed value of the property. The current total levy rate for the City of Aubum is $13.53243 per $1,000 of assessed value and includes the City's portion of the levy as well as other taxing districts like King County, the Library District and Kent School District. The City's portion of the property tax levy is $2.92857 per $1,000 of assessed value (Table 11). Table 11. 2003 Property Tax Rate Tax Rate per $1,000 I NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 11 Jurisdiction Assessed Value Total Levy $13.53243 Consolidated Levy $4.50523 City of Auburn $2.92857 Kent School District $5.35720 Library $0.50 EMS $0.24143 The fiscal analysis takes a conservative approach to quantifying property tax revenues associated with development of the alternatives. The analysis assumes that the annual growth in assessed value is attributable only to the increase in value associated with new commercial and residential construction. In reality, it is likely that assessed value would also increase as a result of increased market value associated with growth and new development occurring throughout the City and the region. It is assumed that the total property tax rate remains constant over the development period. In reality, it will likely fluctuate within statutory limits as the City and other taxing districts determine the amount of money needed to maintain their current level of service (the County Assessor then calculates the tax rate necessary to raise that amount of money). When estimating property tax revenues, the analysis also only includes the additional increase in assessed value associated with new construction and not the total value including the project site. The current assessed value of the project site is $6,868,500 of which $6,144,300 is the assessed value of the land. In 2003, property taxes on site totaled $89,642.47, of which $20,115 accrued to the City of Auburn. The value of business personal property (e.g. machinery, equipment, supplies and furniture) was assumed to be $10 per square foot. Total property tax revenues accruing to the City were lagged one-year to reflect the delay between assessment and collection. Utility Taxes The City of Aubum collects a 6 percent tax on gross sales of city-owned storm water, sanitary sewer, and water utilities, where gross sales are the total revenues collected from user fees and service charges. The tax is not levied in addition to user fees but is distributed to the general fund once revenues have been collected. The City of Aubum also collects a 6 percent tax on gross sales of private utilities. Utility tax revenues go back to the general fund. Use of natural gas, electricity, telephone, cable and solid waste would vary by specific land use and project design. The City would collect revenues based on actual use. These additional revenues have not been quantifited for the fiscal analysis. As noted earlier, the fiscal analysis incorporates conservative revenue estimates. To the extent that private utilities serve the proposed altematives, tax revenues to the City of Auburn are underestated. Shared Revenues Shared or intergovemmental revenues, such as the liquor excise tax and motor vehicle taxes, are collected by the state and distributed to each city, town and county based on population. In 2002, the per capita distribution of all state-collected revenues to the City of Aubum totaled $413.77. Many of these revenues are earmarked for specific uses, such as Department of Transportation funding and Criminal Justice Assistance. For the purpose of the fiscal analysis, only the liquor/liquor control board receipts (liquor excise tax and liquor profits), lodging excise (hotel/motel), motor vehicle (local vehicle license fees and motor vehicle fuel taxes) and miscellaneous taxes were included in the estimation of shared revenues associated NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 12 with future residential population. In 2002, these sources totaled $43.25 per person. This rate was assumed to remain in effect through the development period. Table 12. Intergovernmental Distributions Revenue Source Per Capita Distribution Liquor/LCB Receipts $8.97 Lodging Excise Tax $1.11 Motor Vehicle Tax $30.52 Miscellaneous $2.65 Source: State of Washington Treasury Management System, Distribution of State Collected Revenues For Calendar Year 2002 (October, 2003). 2. Kent School District The NE Aubum Special Area lies within the Kent School District, the fourth largest school district in the state. The following information is summarized from the District's six year capital facilities plan. During the 2002-2003 school year, the District had 26,378 students or 25,354 full-time equivalent students (Kindergarten students are 0.5 FTE). The District currently has permanent capacity to house 24,559 students (see Table 13). Portable classrooms are used as interim or transitional facilities. Currently, the District utilizes 158 portable classrooms: 74 to house students in excess of permanent capacity; 78 for program purposes; and 6 for other purposes. Each portable classroom can accommodate 23-31 students. Districtwide, there is current capacity to accommodate an additional 242 students. Most of the excess capacity, 88%, is at the senior high level. Table 13. 2002-2003 Facility Capacity Number FTE Surplus Grade Level of Program Portable Total Enrollment (Deficit) Schools Capacity Capacity Capacity Projection Capacity Elementary School 29 12,994 414 13,358 13,339 19 Junior High School 7 5,984 812 6,796 6,785 11 Senior High School 4 5,631 0 5,631 5,419 212 Total 40 24,559 1,226 25,785 25,543 242 Source: Kent School District #415 Capital Facilities Plan, April 2002. Student enrollment is projected to increase to 27,114 by the 2007-2008 school year, an increase of 6% over current enrollment or approximately 1.2% per year (see Table 14). Planned classroom construction during the 2004-2005 school year and grade level reconfiguration (9th grade to move to high schools) will add additional capacity of 1,923 at the senior high level. A proposed elementary school (as yet unfunded) would add additional capacity of 540 during the 2007-2008 school year. Total capacity by 2007-2008 would be 28,509. Districtwide, there would be capacity to accommodate an additional 1,395 students. Most of the excess capacity, 97%, would be at the junior high level. Table 14. 2007-2008 Planned Capacity I I I I FTE I Surplus I NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 13 Grade Level Permanent Portable Total Enrollment (Deficit) Capacity Capacity Capacity Projection Capacity Elementary School 13,484 92 13,576 13,569 7 I JuniorHigh School I 5,984 0 5,984 4,626 1,358 I Senior High School 7,554 1,395 8,949 8,919 30 Total 24,559 1,487 28,509 27,114 1,395 Source: Kent School District #415 Capital Facilities Plan, April 2002. The District's Capital Facilities Plan establishes a standard of service for current and future capacity. The Plan includes student generation factors for calculating the number of students in each grade level generated by single- and multi-family homes and impact fees for calculating the proportionate share of capital facility costs from single- and multi-family homes. Student generation factors and impact fees are presented in Tables 15 and 16. Table 15. Student Generation Rates Grade Level Single-Family DU's Multi-Family DU's Elementary School (K-6) 0.504 0.273 Junior High School (7 - 9) 0.211 0.114 Senior High School (10-12) 0.183 0.076 Total Students 0.898 0.463 Source: Kent School District No. 415 Capital Facilities Plan, April 2002. The Kent School District has established impact fees for new single- and multi-family residential development. The impact fees are calculated based on a variety of factors, including student generation rates, projected student capacity, new facility acreage and construction requirements, and portable use. The fee calculation includes credits for state matching funds and property taxes. The fees are levied and collected by the City of Auburn and remitted (less an administration fee) to the District. Fees are paid prior to a building permit being issued. The City of Auburn has adopted a maximum payment or cap on the amount of impact fees that can be collected from new residential development (see Table 16). Table 16. School Impact Fees (per DU) Kent School City of Auburn City of Auburn Type of Residence District Cap Administration Fee Single-Family Residence $4,147 $2,500 $50 Multi-Family Residence $2,554 $1,000 $25 Source: Kent School District No. 415 Capital Facilities Plan, April 2002; Auburn City Code, Chapter 19. 02. During 2002-2003, the Operations Levy per student was approximately $1,267 per student (personal conversation with Fred High, Finance Director, Kent School District, May 2003). C. Summary of Impacts A summary of net revenues expected to accrue to the City of Aubum and the Kent School District as the result of construction and operation of the altematives are presented in the following section. Detailed tables are included in the accompanying tables. 1. City of Auburn NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 14 The results of the fiscal analysis for the altematives indicate that the City of Aubum would experience a fiscal surplus (total revenues exceed total costs) over the life of each of the altematives. Comparisons of net revenues for each ofaltematives are summarized in Tables 17 - 20. Over the 10-year development period, total revenues accruing to the City of Aubum would range from approximately $4.8 million under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Altemative to $12.4 million under the Retail Altemative. Over the same period, total costs accruing to the City would would range from approximately $3.3 million under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Altemative to $7.0 million under the Retail/Residential Altemative. Total net revenues accruing to the City of Aubum would range from approximately $1.6 million under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Alternative to $6.3 million under the Retail Altemative. By buildout, net revenues per year accruing to the City of Aubum would range from approximately $156,000 under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Altemative to $1.1 million under the Retail Alternative. fl. Revenues Major sources of revenues accruing to the City as a result of construction and operation of the altematives would include development permit fees, retail sales taxes, property taxes, utility fees and taxes, and shared revenues. In general, revenues, such as property taxes, would be generated and collected each year of construction and operation. However, some revenues would only be collected once (e.g., development permit fees). For the purpose of identifying the frequency of revenue collections, the term "one-time revenue" is used to represent fee or tax revenues that would be collected only once and the term "recurring revenue" is used to represent revenues that would be collected in each successive year of development and/or operation and would be expected to continue indefinitely. NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 15 Construction Period Revenues During construction, the City of Aubum would collect various fees and permit revenues for site preparation, building review and inspection, infrastructure connections and transportation impact fees. The City would also receive its portion of the local sales tax on construction materials and services. Table 21 summarizes the contribution of each revenue source to total construction period revenues for the 10-year development period. The largest source of construction period revenues are those collected for utility connections. For the altematives, total utility connection fees range from 36.7% of total construction period revenues under the Retail/Office Altemative to 56.6% under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Alternative. Sales tax on construction is an important source of revenue under all the land use alternatives, ranging from 21.9% of total construction period revenues under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Alternative to 24.7% under the Retail/Residential Alternative. Transportation impact fee revenues are relatively more important for alternatives with a larger component of commercial development. Table 21. Composition of Construction Period Revenues Land Use Alternative Revenue Source: Retail Retail/Office Retail/Residential No Action Grading Fees 0.1% 0.08% 0.1% 0.2% Building Permit Fees 5.9% 6.7% 9.2% 10.1% Transportation Impact Fees 30.4% 32.1% 20.1% 11.3% Utility Connection Fees 41.0% 36.7% 46.0% 56.6% Storm Sewer Connection Fees 25.3% 23.3% 17.3% 12.0% Sanitary Sewer Connection Fees 8.3% 7.7% 17.3% 12.1% Water System Connection Fees 7.4% 5.7% 11.4% 32.5% Sales Tax on Construction 22.6% 24.4% 24.7% 21.9% Operating Period Revenues Long-term operation under any of the land use altematives would generate ongoing revenues for the City of Auburn. These include the City's share of sales taxes, property taxes, utility fees and taxes, and shared revenues (state collected revenues distributed back to local jurisdictions based on a population forumula). By buildout, total revenues per year accruing to the City of Aubum would range from approximately $471,000 per year under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Altemative to $1.84 million per year under the Retail Alternative. Table 22 summarizes the contribution of each revenue source to total operating period revenues for the 1 O-year development period. The two largest sources of operating period revenues - ranging from 67.3 % under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Altemative to 89.4% under the Retail Altemative- are the City's local share of sales taxes on retail activity and property taxes. For the land use alternatives, total sales tax revenues range from 40.1% of total operting period revenues under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Altemative to 76.1% under the Retail Altemative. Property tax revenues range from 13.3% of total operating period revenues under the Retail Altemative to 33.3% under the Retail/Office Altemative. Table 22. Composition of Operating Period Revenues Land Use Alternative Revenue Source: Retail Retail/Office Retail/Residential No Action Sales Taxes (Local Portion) 76.1% 43.4% 56.7% 40.1% NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 20 Property Taxes (Local Portion) 13.3% 33.3% 18.1% 27.2% Utility Fees 10.0% 21.9% 21.4% 27.3 % Utility Taxes 0.6% 1.4% 1.4% 1.7% Shared Revenues 0.0% 0.0% 2.5% 3.6% It should be noted that sales tax revenues are likely underestimated for the Retail/Office Altemative. For the analysis, it was assumed that only the retail component of proposed development would generate retail sales activity. It is likely that the office component would include a number of small retail uses that provide employee goods and services (e.g. copy shop, small cafd, coffee shop, dry cleaners, etc.). To the extent that the office component included these types of uses, retail sales taxes are underestimated. b. Costs The City of Aubum would incur additional costs in order to provide public services to the land use altematives. These costs would include development review and inspection, police, fire and emergency medical services, public works operation and maintenance (water, sewer, streets), parks and recreation, and general govemment services. Construction Period Costs During construction, the City would incur additional costs primarily associated with development review, inspection, permitting, and infrastructure development. Infrastructure development - utility connections and transportatin improvements - would be the largest source of costs during the development period. For the analysis, it was assumed that the costs incurred each year for development review and inspection and infrastructure development would equal the fee revenues generated each year. Table 23. Composition of Construction Period Costs Land Use Alternative Cost Source: Retail Retail/Office Retail/Residential No Action Development Review and Inspection 7.4% 8.6% 11.7% 12.5% Infrastructure Improvements General Govemment 88.4% 4.2% 86.8% 4.6% 83.6% 4.7% 83.4% 4.0% Operating Period Costs Long-term operation under any of the land use alternatives would generate ongoing costs for the City of Aubum. These include the police and tire/EMS services, public utilities operation and maintenance, parks and recreation, and general government services. By buildout, total costs per year accruing to the City of Aubum would range from approximately $315,100 per year under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Altemative to $919,000 per year under the Retail/Office Altemative. Table 24 summarizes the contribution of each cost source to total operating period costs for the 1 O-year development period. The two largest sources of operating period costs are public safety and utility operation and maintenance. Total public safety costs (police and tire/EMS services), range from 32.1% of total operting period costs under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Altemative to 40.5% under the Retail Altemative. Utility costs (assumed to equal utility revenues) range from 25.3% of total operating period costs under the Retail Altemative to 48.6% under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Altemative. NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 21 It should be noted that only altematives with a residential component were assumed to generate costs for parks and recreation operation and maintenance. To the extent that businesses and business employees utilize local parks and recreation facilities, these costs are understated. Table 24. Composition of Operating Period Costs Land Use Alternative Cost Source: Retail Retail/Office Retail/Residential No Action Public Safety 40.5% 34.2% 34.1% 32.1% Police Service 27.7% 12.4% 22.3% 21.6% Fire and EMS Service 12.8% 21.8% 11.8% 10.5% Utilties 25.3% 42.9% 39.2% 48.6% Parks and Recreation 0.0% 0.0% 5.1% 7.3% General Government 34.2% 22.9% 21.7% 19.4% To meet the increased demands for City services and facilities associated with growth and development under the land use altematives, the City of Aubum would be required to hire additional staff. The estimated number of staff by department for each of the altematives by buildout is presented in Table 25. Table 25. Estimated Department Staffing Needs of the Alternatives Land Use Alternative Department Retail Retail/Office Retail/Residential No Action Police Service 1.24 0.35 1.07 0.42 Fire and EMS Service 0.9 2.27 0.93 0.32 Parks and Recreation 0.59 0.32 General Government 1.97 1.36 1.24 0.40 2. Kent School District No. 415 Residential development is proposed under the Retail/Residential and No-Action/Existing Zoning Altematives. The Retail/Residential Alternative would include 500 units of multi-family housing and the No-Action/Existing Zoning Alternative would include 130 units of single-family housing and 132 units of multi-family housing. Estimated student enrollment by buildout of the alternatives is presented in Table 26. The enrollment estimates are based on the student generation factores presented in Table 15 and occupancy rates of 97.9% and 92.6% for single- and multi-family units, respectively. Table 26. Estimated Student Enrollment by Alternative Elementary Junior High High School Total Estimated Land Use Alternative School (K- 6) School (7-9) (10-12) Enrollment Retail/Residential 126 53 35 214 No Action 97 41 32 170 The estimated fiscal impacts to the Kent School District for the Retail/Residential and No-Action/Existing Zoning Altematives are presented in Table 27. Under both alternatives, the School District would receive positive net revenues over the 10-year development period. Under the Retail/Residential Altemative, net revenues over the 10-year development period would total approximately $970,000. Under the No- NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 22 Action/Existing Zoning Alternative, net revenues over the 10-year development period would total approximately $257,000. Table 27. Comparison of Net Revenues - Kent School District (000's) Retail/Residential Alternative Year 1 Year 5 Year 10 Year 11 Year 1-10 Impact Fees $0 $125 $0 $0 $500 Property Tax $0 $235 $502 $502 $2,745 Total Revenues $0 $360 $502 $502 $3,245 Operations $0 $68 $174 $159 $998 Capital Facilities $0 $319 0 $0 $1,277 Total Costs $0 $387 $174 $159 $2,275 Net Revenues $0 -$28 $328 $343 $970 No Action Alternative Year 1 Year 5 Year 10 Year 11 Year 1-10 Impact Fees $0 $53 $41 $0 $457 Property Tax $0 $152 $272 $291 $1,333 Total Revenues $0 $205 $313 $291 $1,790 Operations $0 $74 $156 $160 $723 Capital Facilities $0 $115 $67 $67 $809 Total Costs $0 $189 $224 $227 $1,532 Net Revenues $0 -$16 $89 $64 $257 a. Revenues The Kent School District would receive revenues in the form of school impact mitigation fees and from its portion of the property tax levied on residents and businesses within the NE Aubum Special Area. Estimated school impact fees for the altematives are shown in Table 28. Under the Retail/Residential Altemative, the District would collect a total of $500,000 in impact fees. Under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Altemative, the District would collect $457,000. Table 28. Estimated School Impact Fees Land Use Alternative Single-Family Fee Multi-Family Fee Retail/Residential 500 $500,000 No Action 130 $325,000 132 $132,000 The District would also collect its share of the property tax levy. Under the Retail/Residential Altemative, revenues from the District's portion of the property tax levy (only that portion attributable to new development) would grow from just over $7,000 in Year 2 to nearly $502,000 by Year 11. The District could expect to receive $502,000 each year after buildout of the alternative. Under the No- Action/Existing Zoning Altemative, the District's portion of the property tax levy would grow from just over $7,000 in Year 2 to nearly $291,000 by Year 11. The District could expect to receive $291,000 each year after buildout of the altemative. b. Costs NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 23 The Kent School District would incur additional costs for staff, facilities, transportation and administrative support generated by school-aged children generated by the land use altematives. One- time costs represent the pro-rated share of capital costs (land and facilities) for elementary, junior high and senior high school students associated with the altematives. The total cost for capital facilities is reflected in the District's impact fees for single- and multi-family residences (Table 13). Under the Retail/Residential Alternative, capital facilities costs would total approximately $1.28 million dollars. Under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Altemative, capital facilities costs would total approximately $876,000. Recurring costs would consist of additional staff, administrative support, transportation and operation and maintenance. Under the Retail/Residential Altemative, operating costs would grow from approximately $68,000 in Year 5 (when students were assumed to start school) to approximately $174,000 in Year 10. Over the 10-year development period, operating costs would total approximately $998,000. Under the No-Action/Existing Zoning Alternative, operating costs would grow from approximately $18,000 in Year 4 (when students were assumed to start school) to approximately $156,000 in Year 10. Over the 10-year development period, operating costs would total approximately $723,000. Both the Retail/Residential and No-Action/Existing Zoning Altematives experience a fiscal shortfall during certain years of the development period - while maintaining a surplus over the entire development period. This results from assumptions used in the fiscal analysis that assign capital facility costs at the front-end of the development period and lag property tax collections (as well as including only that portion of property tax revenues attributable to new development). Under both alternatives, sufficient revenues are generated in the years prior to the shortfall to cover the amount of the shortfall. In addition, the full amount of property taxes collected (an amount that includes the value of the land) would increase the overall surplus that occurs over the entire development period. The School District's portion of the property tax levy on the current site (land only) generates nearly $33,000 per year or $263,000 over the 1 O-year development period. D. Conclusions City of Auburn Based on the assumptions used in the fiscal analysis, total revenues generated by the proposed land use altematives would exceed the total costs of services and facilities provided by the City of Auburn over buildout of the proposed altematives for the Aubum Gateway project. Over the long-term, the City would be able to maintain established level-of-service standards. No mitigation would be required. Kent School District Based on the assumptions used in the fiscal analysis, total revenues generated by the proposed altematives for the Aubum Gateway project would exceed the total costs of providing school facilities and services provided by the Kent School District over buildout of the proposed Retail/Residential and No-Action/Existing Zoning Altematives. Over the long-term, the School District would be able to maintain established service levels. No mitigation would be required. NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Fiscal Impact Analysis Page 24 APPENDIX D Method Used for Air Quality Analysis Method Used for Air Quality Analysis Two standard computerized tools were used to evaluate potential air quality impacts resulting from the proposed Auburn Gateway project in both its opening year (2008) and its design year (2020): the Mobile Sources emissions model (U.S. EPA 1996) and CAL3QHC dispersion model (U.S. EPA 1992a). Opening and design years must be considered in the air quality analysis once the conformity rules are triggered. According to the conformity rules, the opening year should be at least 10 years earlier than the design year and should represent an interim period during which the project elements would be considered reasonably operational but not necessarily complete. In 2008, any of the action alternatives associated with the Auburn Gateway project would be partially completed. According to the City of Auburn, if the Auburn Gateway project is completed by 2008, ! Street NE would be connected to Harvey Street NE south of 45th Street NE, allowing a complete north-to-south connection from South 277th Street. In addition, several other road improvement projects funded by the City of Auburn and/or King County would be completed in the Auburn Gateway project area. Considering the travel implications of these road enhancements, the project completion schedule, and the conformity requirement that the opening year be at least 10 years earlier than the design year, 2008 was selected as the opening year for the purposes of the air quality conformity analysis. The U.S. EPA requires that a Mobile series emission factor model be used in analyses investigating the air quality implications of surface transportation sources. Mobile6, which was released in 2002, is the latest in a series of tools for use in such analyses. However, this model is not ready for general use because a standard set of input parameters have not yet been developed for its use in the Puget Sound region. Until Mobile6 is ready for general use, the U.S. EPA has provided the Puget Sound Regional Council (PSRC) with correction factors to apply to output from the Mobile5b model to produce results close to those expected from Mobile6. The correction factors are based on region-specific input parameters and are intended to reflect the requirements of the Tier I! emission controls that require all vehicles manufactured after 2003 to meet more stringent emission limits. In accordance with the agreement between the U.S. EPA and the PSRC, the PSRC was contacted regarding vehicle emission factors for the years of analysis being considered for the Auburn Gateway project. The PSRC ran the Mobile5b model, made appropriate adjustments, and provided the carbon monoxide emission factors for use in the modeling analysis (PSRC 2003). The Mobile5b input parameters were consistent with those used in the development of Washington's state implementation plan and maintenance plan for carbon monoxide in the Puget Sound region, in accordance with the recommendations of the Washington Department of Ecology and the PSCAA. The Tier II adjusted Mobile5b emission factors for carbon monoxide and worst-case meteorological conditions were used as input to the CAL3QHC dispersion model (U. S. EPA Draft ElS D- 1 NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Method Used for Air Quality Analysis 1992a) to calculate ambient concentrations of carbon monoxide near the signalized intersections selected for hotspot modeling. Selection of Intersections for CALQSQHC Dispersion Analysis Consistent with U.S. EPA guidance, signalized intersections that would be affected by the proposed action alternatives were screened for possible analysis with dispersion modeling. This screening was based on the traffic level of service, total traffic volume, and proj ect-related trips in the future year, as determined during the traffic analysis performed for this environmental impact statement (EIS) (see the Transportation section in Part 3). Intersections were selected for air quality analysis by ranking the affected intersections based on the worst level of service (most congested), the highest daily traffic volume, and the peak-hour traffic volume and selecting up to three intersections from each category. The U.S. EPA suggests modeling intersections with operations that would deteriorate to level of service (LOS) D or worse due to a proposed project. U.S. EPA guidance, therefore, focuses on completing modeling analyses at as few as three to as many as six signalized intersections, if warranted. For this project, the level of service during the PM peak hour represents the worst-case intersection volume and delay. The signalized intersections with LOS D or worse during the PM peak hour are listed in Table D-1. Based on U.S. EPA guidance and available traffic data, three intersections were selected for detailed dispersion modeling for this project. As shown in Table D-l, the same three intersections have the largest volumes in both the opening and design years. After ranking the intersections by cumulative delay (average intersection delay multiplied by total intersection volume), the intersections with the three highest volumes also had the greatest cumulative delay. Therefore, these three intersections represent the intersections that would be most affected by the project during the PM peak hour in both the opening year and the design year: South 277th Street at Kent-Kangley Road and 116th Avenue SE South 277th Street at West Valley Highway South 277th Street at Auburn Way North. CALSQHC Dispersion Modeling The CAL3QHC, Version 2, dispersion model was used to calculate peak-hour carbon monoxide concentrations near the intersections most affected by the project. CAL3QHC is a dispersion model designed to calculate pollutant concentrations caused by transportation sources (U. S. EPA 1992a). It considers free-flow and queue emissions (based on Mobile5b emission factors) together with intersection geometry, wind direction, and other meteorological factors. NE Aubum/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan D-2 Draft ElS Method Used for Air Quafity Analysis Table D-1. Traffic delay and volume at project-affected signalized intersections during PM peak-hour traffic. Alternatives in 2008 Alternatives in 2020 Location No Build 1 2 3 No Build 1 2 3 S. 277th St. with Delay 111.8 115.4 116.8 112.6 154.0 166.6 162.1 158.1 Kent-Kangley Rd. Volume 5,156 5,249 5,296 5,223 6,379 6,728 6,601 6,494 S. 277th St. with W. Delay 75.3 82.0 83.5 80.6 131.5 142.0 141.9 137.6 Valley Hwy. Volume 4,782 4,831 4,859 4,821 5,917 6,095 6,039 5,986 S. 277th St. with Delay 50.0 45.0 47.7 43.7 77.2 111.2 99.1 92.7 Auburn Way N. Volume 4,627 4,805 4,902 4,874 5,725 6,390 6,160 6,025 Central Ave. with Delay 59.4 61.4 63.1 60.0 108.3 115.8 113.1 111.9 Willis St. Volume 3,850 3,896 3,918 3,889 4,764 4,937 4,871 4,843 Auburn Way N. Delay 40.9 42.1 NA 40.9 55.0 63.3 61.8 64.8 with 15th St. NE Volume 4,080 4,120 NA 4,113 5,048 5,197 5,142 5,114 Auburn Way N. Delay 40.5 43.5 46.2 46.1 69.8 91.9 87.5 79.4 with 37th St. NE Volume 3,144 3,234 3,283 3,228 3,890 4,226 4,111 4,069 S. 277th St. with I Delay NA NA NA NA 54.2 92.5 72.4 56.0 St. NE Volume NA NA NA NA 4,616 5,680 5,329 5,027 I St. SE with Harvey Delay NA NA NA NA NA 47.2 37.4 NA Rd. NE Volume NA NA NA NA NA 4,076 4,001 NA Auburn Way N. Delay NA NA NA NA NA 45.6 a NA NA with 45th St. NE Volume NA NA NA NA NA 3,207 NA NA The txaffic a~alysis considered two txaffic conditions for the determinations of level of service: roadways with and without previously approved planned improvements. The air quality analysis included only the condition with planned improvements because it is reasonable to assume that these improvements would be in place before the opening and design yeays, improving level of service at nearby intersections. Only signalized intersections with LOS D or worse under any alternative are included in this table. NA = level of service better than LOS D under applicable alternative. a Options for vehicle access to the Auburn Gateway project ayea were considered at several new or improved intersections directly adjacent to the Auburn Gateway project ayea. Of all the intersections considered for the analysis of vehicle access th options, the intersection at Auburn Way North and 45 Street NE would operate at LOS D or worse under vehicle access option B only. The following assumptions and parameters, which were used in the CAL3QHC modeling, are consistent with the Washington's state implementation plan for carbon monoxide, Washington state's maintenance plan for carbon monoxide, and U.S. EPA guidance for dispersion modeling: Critical meteorological parameters were a mixing height of 3,280.8 feet, a low wind speed (3.28 feet/second), and a stable atmosphere (Class E) (U.S. EPA 1992b). The modeling evaluated 72 wind directions (in 5-degree increments) to ensure that worst-case conditions were considered for each receptor location (U.S. EPA 1992b). wp4 /01-01924-000 opperdix ddac NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Draft ElS D-3 Method Used for Air Quality Analysis A background 1-hour carbon monoxide concentration of 3 parts per milliion was assumed to represent other sources in the project area (U. S. EPA 1992b). The modeling configuration considered road links extending 1,000 feet from each intersection. Using the procedures required for the CAL3QHC dispersion model, both free-flow and queue links were configured approaching and departing the intersections evaluated. Near-road receptors were placed 10 feet, 82.5 feet, 165 feet, and 330 feet from cross streets, 10 feet from the nearest traffic lane, and 5.7 feet above the ground to correspond with a typical sidewalk location at breathing height. Modeling used approximately 24 near-road receptors near each intersection (U.S. EPA 1992b). The PM peak-hour traffic conditions provided by the transportation consultant would lead to the highest possible 1-hour and 8-hour carbon monoxide concentrations. Modeled 1-hour concentrations were converted to represent 8-hour concentrations using a persistence factor (i.e., the ratio of 8-hour to 1-hour carbon monoxide concentrations) to represent variability in both traffic volumes and meteorological conditions. Since actual monitoring data were not available, a U.S. EPA default persistence factor of 0.7 was used. All roadways and intersections were considered to be at-grade. NE Aubum/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan D-4 Draft ElS APPENDIX E Plant and Animal Species List Wildlife Species That May Exist or Were Observed in the Auburn Gateway Project Area and Vicinity Habitat Type Permanently Seasonally Flooded Flooded Emergent Emergent Shrub Forested Upland Agricultural Species Wetland Wetland Wetland Wetland Forest/Shrub Grasslaxtd Amphibians Bullfrog X Ensatina X Long-toed salamander X X X X Northwestern salamander X X X X Pacific chorus (tree) frog X X X X X Pacific giant salamander X X X Rough-skinned newt X X X Western toad X X Reptiles Common garter snake X X X X X X Northwestern gm:ter snake X X X X X Rubber boa X X X X X X Western terrestrial ga~ter snake X X X X Birds American crow a X X X X X Americaxt gold£mch X X Americaxt kestzel X X X American pigeon X X X American robin a X X X X X X Anna' s hummingbird X X X Bald eagle a X X Band-tailed pigeon X X X X X X Barn owl a X X X X X X Bewick' s wren X X X Black-capped chickadee X X Black-headed grosbeak X X Brown-headed cowbird X X X X X X Bushtit X X C axtada goose X X X Chestnut-backed chickadee X X Common snipe a X X Common yellowthroat a X X Dark-eyed ,junco X X Downy woodpecker X X European starling a X X X wp4 /01-01924-000 c~petMix e. doc Draft ElS E- 1 NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Wildlife Species That May Exist or Were Observed in the Auburn Gateway Project Area and Vicinity (continued) Habitat Type Permanently Seasonally Flooded Flooded Emergent Emergent Shrub Forested Upland Agricultural Species Wetland Wetland Wetland Wetland Forest/Shrub Grassland Birds (continued) Fox sparrow X X Golden-crowned kinglet X Golden-crowned sparrow X Great blue heron a X X X X X Green-winged teal X X X Hairy woodpecker X X House finch a X X X House spazrow a X Killdeer a X X X MacGillivray's warbler X X Mallard a X X X X Marsh wren a X X Mourning dove X X Nor/hem flicker X X Nor/hem hamer X X X NortStem pintail X X X Osprey X Pileated woodpecker X X Red-tailed hawk a X X X Red-winged blackbird X X X X Rock dove X Ruby-crowned kinglet X Rufous hummingbird X X X Rufous-sided towhee X X Songsparrow a X X X X X X Townsend's warbler X X X X X X Tree swallow X X X X X X Turkey vulture X Varied/5u-ush X X Vaux' s swift X X X X X X Violet-green swallow X X X Western screech-owl X X White-crowned sparrow X X Wilson' s warbler X X Winter wren X Yellow warbler X X NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan E-2 Draft ElS Wildlife Species That May Exist or Were Observed in the Auburn Gateway Project Area and Vicinity (continued) Habitat Type Permanently Seasonally Flooded Flooded Emergent Emergent Shrub Forested Upland Agricultural Species Wetland Wetland Wetland Wetland Forest/Shrub Grassland Yellow-rumped warbler I I I I X I X I Mammals Big brown bat X X X Black rat X X X Bushy-tailed woodrat California myotis X X X Coyotea X X X X Creeping vole X X Deer mouse X Douglas' squirrel X X Eastern gray squirrel X X Hoary bat X X X House mouse X Little brown myotis X X X Long-eared myotis X X X Long-legged myotis X X X Marsh shrew X X Mule deer X X X X Norway rat X X X X X X Raccoon a X X X X X Red fox X X X Shrew-mole X Silver-haired bat X X X Stziped skunk X X X Townsend's chipmunk X X X Townsend's mole X X Vagra2t shrew X X X X X Virginia opossum X X X X X Western pocket gopher X Western red bat X X X Western small-footed myotis X X X Western spotted skunk X X X White-tailed deer a X X X X Sources: Sibley 2003; Bats Northwest 2003; Burke Museum of Natural History axtd Culture 2003; Burt and Grossenheider 1980; Corkra2 a2d Thomas 1996; Eder 2002; Hitchcock and Cronquist 1973; Ingles 1965; Leonard et al. 1993; Nagorsen and Brigham 1993; Pacific Biodiversity Institute 2003; Parametxix 200lb; St. John 2002 a Animals or signs of tfteir presence were observed by Herrera Environmental Consultants on March 2003 or Parametxix (200lb). wp4 /01-01924-000 opperMix e. doc Draft ElS E-3 NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan APPENDIX F Hazardous Materials Regulations and Database Resources Hazardous Materials Regulations and Database Resources Hazardous materials may be classified into a number of different categories based on applicable laws and regulations that define their characteristics and use, including the following: Hazardous waste Dangerous waste Hazardous substances Toxic substances. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U. S. EPA) and the Washington Department of Ecology maintain databases to track sites with potential and confirmed releases of chemicals to the environment and to monitor facilities that manage hazardous materials as part of their operations. The federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) defines what is meant by hazardous waste. In Washington state, the Department of Ecology has been authorized by the U.S. EPA to implement most of the RCRA program. This authorization was based on state "dangerous waste" regulations that are consistent with and at least as stringent as the federal requirements. The U.S. EPA tracks hazardous waste management at individual facilities throughout the state based on notification requirements and records that define the magnitude of waste generated (i.e., small or large quantity), define the type of handling performed (i.e., treatment, storage, or disposal), and identify whether a release to the environment has occurred. The Department of Ecology tracks facilities based on the required registration of underground storage tanks; it also maintains an inventory of solid waste facilities and landfill sites. Nationally, the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), also known as Superfund, defines hazardous substances. The Department of Ecology operates a parallel program in Washington state under the Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA). Both programs are designed and administered to provide appropriate responses to the release of hazardous substances to the environment. MTCA also addresses releases of petroleum products that are not covered under federal statutes. The U.S. EPA tracks sites based on reported potential or actual releases of hazardous substances to the environment, emergency response notifications, and cleanup progress at maj or release sites. The Department of Ecology tracks the same types of sites and also tracks petroleum releases, including releases from underground storage tanks. Toxic substances are a subset of hazardous substances that are additionally regulated by the federal Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). TSCA was adopted so that all new chemical substances and existing chemicals put to new uses, other than pesticides, could be evaluated for their health and environmental effects. Beyond CERCLA and RCRA, additional controls Draft ElS F- 1 NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Hazardous Materials Regulations and Database Resources governing disposal have been specifically applied to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). TSCA sites are tracked by the U.S. EPA. The following discussion provides detailed information about the regulatory framework and reference material accessed to determine existing site conditions based on available documentation. Regulatory Databases The U.S. EPA and the Department of Ecology maintain databases to track conditions related to the handling of hazardous materials or their discharge to the environment. A description of the databases reviewed for the Auburn Gateway project is provided below. Federal Databases The U.S. EPA maintains several databases to track properties or facilities that it has investigated or is currently investigating for releases or threatened releases of hazardous substance to the environment. The U.S. EPA also identifies and tracks hazardous waste from the point of generation to the point of disposal. The following federal databases were searched to identify and evaluate potential sites of concern in and surrounding the Auburn Gateway project area. Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information System The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information System (CERCLIS) includes data on potentially hazardous waste sites that have been reported to the U.S. EPA by states, municipalities, private companies, and private persons pursuant to Section 103 of CERCLA. CERCLIS includes sites that either have been proposed for inclusion or are already on the National Priorities List (NPL) and sites in the screening and assessment phase for possible inclusion on the NPL. The CERCLIS list includes sites from 1983 to the present. Emergency Response Notification System The Emergency Response Notification System (ERNS) records and stores information on reported releases of oil and hazardous substances. National Priorities List The NPL, which a subset of the information included in CERCLIS, identifies over 1,200 sites for priority cleanup under the Superfund program. Resource Conservation and Recovery Information System The Resource Conservation and Recovery Information System (RCRIS) includes selective information on sites that generate, transport, store, treat, or dispose of hazardous waste, as identified by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). NE Aubum/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan F-2 Draft ElS Hazardous Materials Regulations and Database Resources Corrective Action Reports Corrective Action Reports (CORRACTS) identify waste handlers with RCRA corrective action activity. Facility Index System The Facility Index System (FINDS) is a database of facilities (or sites) that are monitored or regulated by the U.S. EPA. FINDS uses several databases to track these sites: Permit Compliance System (PCS) Aerometric Information Retrieval System (AIRS) Docket for civil enforcement cases (DOCKET) Docket for criminal enforcement cases (C-DOCKET) Federal Underground Injection Control (FURS) Federal Facilities Information System (FFIS) State Environmental Laws and Statues (STATE) PCB Activity Data System (PADS). The FINDS database is updated quarterly; the version evaluated for the purpose of this EIS was dated April 1998. Hazardous Materials Information Reporting System The Hazardous Materials Information Reporting System (HMIRS) contains information about incidents of hazardous materials spills that are reported to U.S. Department of Transportation. Materials Licensing Tracking System The Materials Licensing Tracking System (MLTS) is maintained by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC); it lists approximately 8,100 sites that store or use radioactive materials and are subject to NRC licensing requirements. RCRA Administrative Action Tracking System The RCRA Administrative Action Tracking System (RAATS) contains records based on enforcement actions issued under RCRA that pertain to maj or violators and includes administrative and civil actions brought by the U.S. EPA. Records of Decision A Record of Decision (ROD) mandates a permanent remedy at an NPL (Superfund) site and includes technical and health-related information to aid in the site cleanup. Toxic Chemical Release Inventory System The Toxic Chemical Release Inventory System (TRIS) identifies facilities that release toxic chemicals to the air, water, and land in reportable quantities under the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) Title III, Section 313. Draft ElS F-3 NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Hazardous Materials Regulations and Database Resources Toxic Substance Control Act The Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) Chemical Substance Inventory list identifies manufacturers and importers of chemical substances. The list also includes the product volume of these substances by manufacturing plant site. State Databases The state of Washington and county governments also maintain databases of information on hazardous materials sites. The following state databases were searched to identify and evaluate potential sites of concern in and surrounding the Auburn Gateway project area. Confirmed and Suspected Contaminated Sites List The Confirmed and Suspected Contaminated Sites List (CSCSL) constitutes the state's record of hazardous substance sites; it is the state's equivalent of the federal Superfund CERCLIS. The sites on the CSCSL may or may not be included on the federal CERCLIS list. Hazardous Sites List The Hazardous Sites List (HSL) is a subset of the CSCSL. It includes sites that have been assessed and ranked using the Washington Ranking Method (WARM). Leaking Underground Storage Tank Site List The Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) site list contains an inventory of reported incidents of leaking underground storage tanks. This list may also identify the type of material released and the affected media (i.e., air, soil, and water). Solid Waste Facility Database Solid waste facilities/landfill site records contain an inventory of solid waste disposal facilities and landfills across the state. Underground Storage Tank Database Underground storage tanks are regulated under Subtitle I of RCRA and must be registered with Ecology. The database contains information such as the site location, number of tanks, materials stored, and date of installation for registered tanks. Independent Cleanup Reports The Independent Cleanup Reports database identifies sites that have submitted remedial action reports to the Department of Ecology. These are independent remedial actions conducted without the oversight or approval of the Department of Ecology. Owners/operators are not under an order or decree to conduct these cleanup actions. NE Aubum/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan F-4 Draft ElS Hazardous Materials Regulations and Database Resources Other Records Washington Department of Ecology Records For sites identified on the LUST and CSCSL lists, all available the Department of Ecology records were reviewed. Information gathered from the file reviews included the type of release, affected media (soil or ground water), limits of contamination, corrective actions taken, and potential impacts associated with planned construction. King County Records The King County archives were reviewed, including property tax records dating from the early 1900s to the present. Historical Records The following historical records were reviewed: Historical topographic maps from the U.S. Geological Survey with coverage from the late 1940s through the early 1990s (Landau 2003) Historical aerial photographs with coverage from the 193 Os through the 1990s (Walker & Associates 1936-2000) Historical property tax records prior to 1974 (Washington State Archives 2003) Auburn City Directories between the 1960s and the late 1970s Results of a phase I environmental site assessment of Auburn Valley 6 Drive-in Theater (Landau 2003) Results of an asbestos and lead survey of Auburn Valley 6 Drive-in Theater (Prezant 2002). Reconnaissance of Sites in the Auburn Gateway Project Area On February 27, 2003, a visual reconnaissance of the Auburn Gateway project area and adjacent properties was conducted to observe current site conditions and identify visible indications of hazardous or potentially hazardous substances historically or currently used, generated, stored, or disposed of. Site locations in and around the project area identified on the LUST site list and the C SC SL were visually confirmed and mapped. Reconnaissance of adjacent properties was restricted to observations from public areas. Draft ElS F-5 NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan APPENDIX G Level of Service Definitions Level of Service Definitions Levels of service (LOS) are qualitative descriptions of traffic operating conditions. These levels of service are designated with letters ranging from LOS A, which is indicative of good operating conditions with little or no delay, to LOS F, which is indicative of stop-and-go conditions with frequent and lengthy delays. Levels of service for this analysis were developed using procedures presented in the Highway Capacity Manual (Transportation Research Board 2000). Level of service for signalized intersections is defined in terms of delay. Delay can be a cause of driver discomfort, frustration, inefficient fuel consumption, and lost travel time. Specifically, level-of-service criteria are stated in terms of the average delay per vehicle in seconds. Delay is a complex measure and is dependent on a number of variables including: the quality of progression, cycle length, green ratio, and a volume-to-capacity ratio for the lane group or approach in question. Table B-1 shows the level of service criteria for signalized intersections from the Highway Capacity Manual 2000. Table B-1. Level of service for signalized intersections. Level of Service Average Delay Per Vehicle General Description A Less than 10.0 seconds B 10.1 to 20.0 seconds C 20.1 to 35.0 seconds D 35.1 to 55.0 seconds E 55.1 to 80.0 seconds F Greater than 80.0 seconds Free flow Stable flow (slight delays) Stable flow (acceptable delays) Approaching unstable flow (tolerable delay---occasionally wait tStrough more than one signal cycle before proceeding. Unstable flow (approaching intolerable delay) Forced flow (jammed) Source: Transportation Research Board, Highway Capacit~ Manual, 2000. For unsignalized intersections, level of service is based on the average delay per vehicle for each turning movement. The level of service for a two-way, stop-controlled intersection is determined by the computed or measured control delay and is defined for each minor movement. Delay is related to the availability of gaps in the main street's traffic flow, and the ability of a driver to enter or pass through those gaps. Table B-2 shows the level of service criteria for unsignalized intersections from the Highway Capacity Manual. Table B-2. Level of service criteria for unsignalized intersections. Level of Service Average Delay (seconds per vehicle) A Less than 10.0 B 10.1 to 15.0 C 15.1 to 25.0 D 25.1 to 35.0 E 35.1 to 50.0 F Greater than 50.0 Source: Transportation Research Board, Highway Capacit~ Manual, 2000. NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Draft ElS G- 1 APPENDIX H Internal Capture Rates Z lO~ ~ · ~ ~nar~on H~xx* O~ ~ T~pc~m~ H~n~txx~ ~ ~ · n11o3 z APPENDIX I Trip Distribution Patterns ! ®~~~ ~~1..... 304TH D O ROUTE DISTRIBUTION '~ ~ F ~ NORTHEAST AUBURN A,,~.,,~ ,.~ ~:' ~ <~ :~ !',~'" <?~ :~ ::~ SPECIAL A~A PLAN R~TAIL TRIP DISTRIBUTION II~I~~I~t~~ APPENDIX J Determination of Significance and Request for Comments on the Scope of the Northeast Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Environmental Impact Statement Determination of Significance and Request for Comments on the Scope of the Northeast Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan Environmental Impact Statement Description of the Proposal Robertson Properties Group (RPG), owner of the Valley Six Drive-in theaters and adjacent properties, proposes to redevelop their property with a mix of retail, office, and/or multifamily residential uses. The current zoning for much of the RPG property is ~Unclassified" and the site is located within a larger area designated as a ~Special Planning Area" by the Aubum Comprehensive Plan. Therefore the City of Aubum is preparing a special area plan or %ub-area plan" to establish new zoning for the RPG property, as called for in the Comprehensive Plan. The proposal is the preparation and adoption of a new, sub-area plan as an element of the Aubum Comprehensive Plan, and new zoning, and design guidelines to allow development of a mix of land uses including new retail space, office space, and/or multifamily residential units. The project would include new roads and utilities, surface parking, and stormwater detention facilities. The existing theater and other structures on the RPG property would be demolished. Access to the site is proposed from Aubum Way North, D Street NE, South 277th Street, and an extension of I Street NE that would reach South 277th Street. The project would be constructed in multiple phases to occur over approximately 10 years. Currently, development on the project site is subject to the requirements of the Unclassified (UNCL), Heavy Commercial (C-3) and Multifamily Residential (R-4) zoning districts of the Auburn Municipal Code. The City of Auburn Comprehensive Plan recognizes that future development of the Northeast Aubum area would benefit from a special planning study to establish how the property should be zoned and developed. Changes to zoning and development standards will affect the type, size and location of uses permitted on the properties. The new zoning could be a modification of an existing zoning designation or an entirely new zone. January14, 2003 1 Project Location RPG proposes to develop several parcels totaling approximately 55-acres located between D Street NE and the northward projection of I Street NE, south of South 277th Street and north of 45th Street NE in Auburn, Washington. (See attached Map, Page 5.) The EIS and special area plan will address an approximately 103-acre study area consisting of the RPG property and an additional approximately 48 acres. The study area extends east of the RPG property to the existing I Street NE right-of-way, and west of the RPG property to Aubum Way North. Project Proponent: Robertson Properties Group. Michael Dee, Director of Development Lead Agency: City of Aubum Department of Planning and Community Development File Number: SEP02-0008 Environmental Impact Statement Required The City of Auburn, as lead agency for environmental review under the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA; Revised Code of Washington [RCW] 43.21C) and Auburn City Code 16.06, has determined that the proposed RPG development could result in significant adverse impacts on the environment. The applicant has agreed that an environmental impact statement (EIS) as required under RCW 43.21.030(2)(c) will be prepared. Actions Required for Approval of the Proposal Approval of the proposal would require: 1. Adoption of a sub-area plan amending the comprehensive plan; 2. Adoption of zoning regulations and design guidelines applicable to the sub-area; 3. Adoption of a planned action ordinance, and 4. Approval of development plans. Description of Alternatives Under SEPA rules (WAC 197-11-0440(5)) the ElS shall evaluate reasonable altematives that meet the proponent's objectives, and a no-action altemative. Accordingly, the ElS will evaluate the proposed action in three scenarios developed by RPG that cover the potential range of land uses that could be developed under the proposed new zoning and Comprehensive Plan designations. Each scenario will be evaluated as an alternative in the ElS, although it is recognized that any development that is ultimately approved and constructed following this evaluation could be a combination of the altematives. The proposed land uses that form the basis of these alternatives include: · Retail Altemative: 720,000 s.f. of retail · Retail and Office Alternative: 200,000 s.f. of retail, and 1,600,000 s.f. of office · Retail and Residential Altemative: 360,000 s.f. of retail, and 500 residential units (not to exceed 50% of land area of RPG holdings). · No Action Alternative: Development consistent with the current zoning, which includes heavy commercial and multifamily residential uses on some portions of the site, and single-family uses in the Unclassified zone, which comprises the majority of the site. Elements of the Environment to Be Addressed in the ElS The lead agency has determined the following areas for discussion and evaluation in the ElS: January14, 2003 2 Earth/geology A large quantity of fill will be required to raise the grade above the level of the floodplain. Grading for the project could increase the potential for soil erosion during and after construction. Filling and soil compaction may also adversely affect subsurface and surface hydrology. Air Air quality could be adversely impacted by dust during construction and by vehicle emissions during operation of the proposed development. Water Construction of the project is expected to significantly increase the amount of impervious surface within the project area, in mm increasing the rate and volume of stormwater runoff. Although city stormwater regulations provide controls, this increase could still have significant impacts on the hydrology and water quality of nearby surface and groundwater, subsequently resulting in impacts on surface waters in the area. The ElS will evaluate the effect of discharges and pollutant loadings to surface waters that could be expected from development of the site under each altemative scenario. Floodplain filling is allowed only when adequate compensatory floodplain capacity is provided. The project involves floodplain filling, and modifications to the floodplain could have significant impacts on the existing hydrology of the site and adjacent properties. Plants and Animals The planning area includes wetlands, and is adjacent to a proposed wetland mitigation project site on the Green River. Wetlands provide habitat for diverse plant and animal species. The project could adversely affect the existing and proposed wetland habitat in the project area. Potential impacts on threatened or endangered species in the study area vicinity will also be evaluated. Environmental Health The project would generate noise during construction and could also include noise generators such as ventilation equipment during operation of the development. The project site also is adjacent to potential noise sources such as commercially zoned properties where a wide range of uses could occur and existing and proposed high volume roadways. Residential uses in particular could be adversely affected by noise impacts from the development. Previous land uses may have left hazardous materials on the site and could pose health risks to future users of the site and adjacent natural properties. Land Use The proposed land uses could present incompatibilities due to hours of operation, location of service and loading activities, light and glare, and aesthetic impacts. The analysis will also assess the proposal's consistency with the Comprehensive Plan. Historic and cultural resources The project area is located on lands that may have cultural significance dating prior to European settlement. Valuable cultural resources could be impacted by the project in areas where excavation might occur. Due to their age, the buildings on the drive in theater site are not anticipated to be eligible for listing on historic registers. As a result, the removal of the structures is not considered a significant impact and is not proposed to be evaluated. January14, 2003 3 Transportation The project will impact arterial streets adjacent to the project site and potentially other areas of the city of Auburn and neighboring areas. The ElS will evaluate the impacts of the project's vehicular trip generation on transportation systems based on the City's 2020 transportation model. This analysis will include potential impacts to intersection and arterial level of service (roadway capacity); traffic safety; emergency vehicle access; transit, bicycle, and pedestrian movement from each alternative. The ElS will evaluate alternative access locations on South 277th Street and Auburn Way North, and potential realignments or closures of other local streets including, D Street NE, 49th Street NE, and the existing I Street NE right-of-way alignment. It will also assess the potential collector roadway locations and their access to arterial roadways. Transportation impacts from proposed development near the site could contribute to cumulative impacts. Public Services and Utilities The project would create new demands on public services including police, fire, parks, and schools, and utilities such as storm and sanitary sewers, and communications and electric lines. Scoping of the Environmental Impact Statement Agencies, affected tribes, and members of the public are invited to comment on the scope of the EIS during the 21-day public comment period from January 14 through February 4, 2003. You may comment on altematives, probable significant impacts, mitigation measures, and other approvals that may be required. A public meeting to accept comments on the scope of the ElS will be held on January 28, 2003 at 7:00 p.m. at Auburn City Hall, Council Chambers, 25 West Main, Aubum. Written comments on the scope of the ElS must be postmarked by February 4, 2003 to the following address: Paul Krauss, Director Department of Planning and Community Development City of Auburn 25 West Main Aubum, WA 98001-4998 The intent of the scoping process to narrow the scope of the ElS to those areas where significant impacts are probable and to define appropriate altematives for consideration. It is possible that through public comment, other areas of probable significant impact or additional altematives will be identified. Paul Krauss, AICP Director of Planning and Community Development & SEPA Responsible Official Date January14, 2003 4 Study area Robertson Properties Proposal Site S 277th Street Not to scale N HERRERA EhIViRONMENTAL CONSULT4NT$ Vicinity map for the NE Auburn/Robertson Properties Special Area Plan